Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

I am currently doing a literuature search trying to understand how the ethylene response during the ripening of fruit initiates the production of volitiles. I have found several different studies on tomatoes, melon, arabidopsis, and other fruit. But I have yet to see any proposed pathways that the ethylene response triggers. Does anyone know a good reference?

Hi, i am doing a project about the inner organ system of the mammol. I could really use some information about the kidney and the chemical process and rections inside it. Would appreciate all the help i can get:-)

Could someone explain what is meant by "a buffer system cannot buffer itself" in relation to the carbonic acid:bicarbonate buffer system of the body? thank you

Can you please give me some suggestions and basic guidelines on the topic. Thanks

Hi, I am trying to add a chemical to some yeast cells but I found out that this chemical can't penetrate through the yeast cell wall. Then I thought of adding a lysate buffer to lyse the cell, therefore the cell wall wouldn't be a problem. But does lysing the cells prevent it from functioning and being "normal". Thanks.

Do plants breathe? I've heard that plants do because they exchange gases (O2 with CO2). I've also heard that plants don't breathe because breathing is "the movement of muscles to exhange gases" and plants don't have muscles. If anyone is a plant expert please tell me.

Hello, I'm an AS Biology student, I was drawing my graph for my coursework and wanted to know whether the lines of best fit (for the 4 repeats) on the graph should start from a point level with the 100% transmission mark on the axis, even if the actual point to plot for 10% ethanol is lower than that or doesn't it matter. Also, it is a *line* of best fit isn't it? or is it a curve? Furthermore, do the lines of best fit (or curves) have to touch the vertical axis? I'd be grateful if anyone could help as it's really quite urgent...thanks!

Hi I teach Biology to A level Im trying to get my head around the light reaction. I studied this during my degree along time ago and the books I used then are probably out of date. I would like to know how the hydrogen ions remain balanced across the thylakoid membrane. This level of understanding is not important for the course I teach but I have become curious. I have created an animation to help me understand using various text books but there appears to be a build up of H+ ions on the stoma side and a removal on the thylakoid side. To counteract this my animation requires I keep adding an extra ion to the thylakoid side and remove 3 H+ from the stroma side. …

I was just curious as to what exactly happens chemically when you go to sleep that makes it so important. I mean, what goes on when you sleep that it takes up a fourth of your lifespan?

It is difficult to imagine life in the lab today without the benefit of restriction enzymes. Because they are so ubiquitous, these tools have become indispensable to many scientists even at the same time that they are often taken for granted. To better understand why researchers prefer certain brands and what factors influence their decision, The Science Advisory Board invited over 700 members to participate in a study of restriction enzyme usage. To view a summary of the study results please visit us at http://www.scienceboard.net/studies/studies.124.html'>http://www.scienceboard.net/studies/studies.124.html Catherine Seguin Membership Coordinator C.Seguin@s…

Is there any strech of sequence that is common in E.coli genomic as well as plasmid DNA? I am trying to find a target for PCR using universal primer against such a sequence so that it will help me in detecting the presence of genomic as well as plasmid DNA in my sample.

what quantity of catalase enzymes (either a concentration or a number) would be present in 1 cm cubed of celery? To help a friend, so that she can work out the conc/moles & then work out the rate of reaction in terms of molecules of oxygen created per second per enzyme

SDS adds to mass as well as charge of the protein , to have the separation only on the basis of molecular wt. after adding SDS the q/m of all prots should be equal and as SDS also adds to molec. wt. of prot also, we should be able to get the original molecular wt. by comparing its mobility with that of a known sample molecular wt. In SDS PAGE we use sodium dodecyl sufate to make the ratios of q/m s of two diff peptides nearly equal still keeping the difference between them the same. This tells that this ration is only important here... why??? I think the difference in the displacements of the two peps in the gel depends only of the ration of their q/ms. W…

hey, im a Highschool student, and i am looking for some help on my curren t experiment - diffusion accross cell membranes. We have already covered passive transport, and now i am looking for an experiment (simple, due to our limited facilities) to do. Any ideas???

Does anybody have any good scientific/technical papers that explain this? I don't need actual papers, just references or links. I doing a sequencing reaction in my lab, but doing the assay and understanding what's going on are two different things. I'm trying to get a better grasp on what I'm doing. Thanks

hello. I need help in finding a primer for my DNA sample. i need a primer for iron reducing bacteria gene. I've tried to find in over the internet but couldn't find it. Anyone care to help?

I am trying to find a way to detect whether a specific kinase is activated or not. Any good kits or procedures for how to do this?

I love this story and it was retold in my evolutionary ecology class today so I thought I'd bring it here for discussion. (Feel free to correct me if I get anything wrong). MHC, the major histocompatibility complex in vertebrates (HLA in humans), is a group of many, highly variable genes involved in immune response to viruses, bacteria, parasites. More variability seems to be correlated with an increased resistance. Therefore, there is an advantage to mating with individuals whose MHC genes are different than yours. Apparently, we can smell the MHC type of other individuals, hence one of the reasons why people have distinct odors. It's thought that this distinct o…

I was wondering about the different methods being tried right now in order to modify an animal's (humans, more specifically) genome (as an adult). Is the whole virus thing really working, or no? Is it going to have to be an over-hauled embryo who's stemcells you'll have to pump somebody full of to completely modify them? Nano bots??? Not at school at this moment, and the internet's way to big to narrow it. Could somebody help me with this?

hey guys, im still a bit confused over the purpose of positive and negative controls. Can sum1 explain me the uses and give good examples so that I may understand. It would be greatly appreciated thnx!

What are advantages of deoxy nature of DNA over RNA and Thymine over uracil??? DeoxyVsDioxy IF its say hydrolysis... why is it harmful... it may be due to blokage of enzyme activity as no free -OH gr is present in hydrolysed form, but RNAs have enzymes working on them that require presence of free -OH group [primase??? ], so the frequency of hydrolysis in RNA should be very less.So how come it is a deciding factor??? hrushikesh

Hello SFN Members, I am currently doing some research, and having a hard time looking for a few vocabulary words relating to the following information. 1). Exerting a controlling Influence on the expression of a trait. (8 letters) 2). A person's Heterozygous for Type A blood (2 letters) 3). A pea plants Homozygous for tallness (2 letters) 4). Explains the possibilty of four phenotypes for a trait (15 letters) 5). Exerting little or no influence on the determination of a trait (9 letters) 6). When Genes for two different traits are on the same chromosomes (6 letters) 7). When offspring express traits from both parents (6 letters) Your cooperation would b…

We use no. of differences in Amino Acid sequences of some homologous proteins from two species or use DNA finger printing to guess when did the two lines separated. Using Poisson distribution and exponential rate law we can give approx time when two lines got separated if we know the constant for that protein or DNA. But as we are examining a specefic prot or a specefic DNA sequence[ DNA sequence complimentary to the probe we use], we should comment just about the evolution of that specefic prot. or DNA. We can , still , get a constriant like -as the prot lines/DNA lines got separate T years ago, the organism-lines must have separated Tyrs ago or Before. For correct jud…

Do anyone here have any information regarding Sus scrofa(pig),cytochrome c nucleotide sequence. It is best if you have the sequence of the gene and the papers regarding it.

If u think of the brain u think , in my opinion , ( i dont know how u think about it) in the biological way (biological processes or whatever).But if u imagine that the brain is only a cluster of atoms , i wonder how millions of atoms can produce thoughts and dreams for example ? I'd appreciate your opinions. (sorry for my poor english) Ilja