how cell lines are made?

How much have you learned so far? Have you googled "cell lines"?

which cell lines

made by what

what grade are you in

how much biology have you studied

"Cell lines", technically, simply refers to any batch of cells which have been immortalized so they can be grown continuously and reputably for study. HeLa (for example) have a number of well identified “cell lines” which are immortalized, and cataloged by the NIH.

 

 

 

Frequently, cell lines are immortalized by introducing portions of cancerous genes into the origin cells. HeLa (again) contain segments of the cancer causing HPV-18 virus which is what allows them to continue reproducing without entering normally induced apoptosis (cell death cycle). Usually, only a portion of the cancerous genome is used. You cannot catch HPV-18 from HeLa cells, as the genome is not complete and does not produce the majority of the HPV proteins including the capsule.

 

 

 

Once immortalized, and able to consistently reproduce with consistent traits…the “line” is classified, categorized, and stored by the NIH.

 

Google HeLa and Henrietta Lacks. This will give you the entire sorted history of the HeLa cell line.

 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HeLa