Assume under asexual reproduction, an indivual with two alleles A and a at a locus begin to give birth to offsprings. At the next generation (F1), is there possibly an individual with genotype AA?

Probably. I've only known how to calculate the probability for sexual reproduction. I think it is possible. There will be one box corresponding to A once, a once and A and a twice. could be. I'm not sure.

There are, if I recall correctly, only 3 ways cells can reproduce: binary fission, mitosis, and meiosis. Which of these three methods would separate and recombine genes?

If yes, what is the prabobility of AA (A is wild-type allele, and a is mutant) appearring in F1? I guess P is not as large as 1/4 observed during free segragation, and it is likely a very rare exception.

There are, if I recall correctly, only 3 ways cells can reproduce: binary fission, mitosis, and meiosis. Which of these three methods would separate and recombine genes?

 

Umm... does partheneogenesis count as asexual? I mean, the cells undergo meiosis then syngamy, sort of like sexually reproducing with yourself...

Is it even possible? If it asexually reproduces, it produces offspring with exactly the same set of genes. There is a 0% probability.

 

IA Ia

Inone A a

Inone A a

 

Where is AA in the next generation? Am I wrong?

Is it even possible? If it asexually reproduces, it produces offspring with exactly the same set of genes. There is a 0% probability.

 

IA Ia

Inone A a

Inone A a

 

Where is AA in the next generation? Am I wrong?

 

:doh:Thanks. If a parent cell begin to produce offspring, the chromosome is doubled, for example, before it divides into two daughter cells, its genotype is AaAa. I am not sure whether accidently two daughter cells' genotypes becomes AA and aa. Normally, under asexual reproduction, they should be Aa.

One way to address this logically has to do with configurational potential. When the DNA splits (extrudes), what remains within the cell needs to be in equilibrium with internal materials. The result is stabilized since there is a balanced state. For example, the ovum defines a given configurational potential relative to all the materials and configurations, with the DNA half retained, in equilibrium. This creates a failsafe, so the correct genes are retained within a margin of error.

 

The male gamete cells accumulate different materials, such that the DNA retained defines a different blend for equilibrium. The combining of the male and female DNA, will create a non-equilibrium state within the ovum. This will then trigger activity to remove the potential, such as gene shuffling to lower the potential and cell division.

 

If you change the genetic retention, one can get non equilibrium, in the initial configurations, and/or a not enough non-enquilibrium potential after the recombination. This is possible but less likely to occur.

One way to address this logically has to do with configurational potential. When the DNA splits (extrudes), what remains within the cell needs to be in equilibrium with internal materials. The result is stabilized since there is a balanced state. For example, the ovum defines a given configurational potential relative to all the materials and configurations, with the DNA half retained, in equilibrium. This creates a failsafe, so the correct genes are retained within a margin of error.

 

The male gamete cells accumulate different materials, such that the DNA retained defines a different blend for equilibrium. The combining of the male and female DNA, will create a non-equilibrium state within the ovum. This will then trigger activity to remove the potential, such as gene shuffling to lower the potential and cell division.

 

If you change the genetic retention, one can get non equilibrium, in the initial configurations, and/or a not enough non-enquilibrium potential after the recombination. This is possible but less likely to occur.

 

Under sexual reproduction, the balance theory (or hypothesis) might be reasable. But under asexual reproduction, I doubt whether it holds on.