grayfalcon89

I'm kind of confused even what I thought was right. Basically, how does this dominant and recessive thing work in the pedigree system? I kind of don't really understand this. Like how do you determine whether the trait is dominant or not? Is the more occurrence means it's dominant in the pedigree? My teacher said that in humans, six finger is dominant yet it's not common. Can anyone really help me?

I'm having terrible time on the pedigree. I did amazingly well on the Punnett square but I just don't understand the pedigree well. Here, help me out here. I inserted a image as an example. Problem: If we're given that the trait we're dealing with is eye color, then determine whether the trait is dominant or recessive. In my opinion, the trait is recessive because if it was dominant, more "shading" should've occurred. But my biology teacher said that appearing a lot doesn't necessarily means the trait is dominant. One of my classmate had a right answer for it but I don't quite understand it. I can't belive I'm confusing on this simple looking pedigree. But I just don't understand this... If I have more questions, I'll post more. But now, I'm stuck on the pedigree.

Good.. More mathy, it would be: Let's call x = radius of circle A. Since circle A, B, and C are congruent, they'll have same radius, x. Each side, connecting AB, BC, and AC will have x+x, x+x, and x+x. Since x+x are for all three sides, they're equilateral, which we wanted to prove.

Um.. Is my concept right? Only thing I really did on the school was just like one-factor cross or test cross on one trait but I've never done on two... pretty sure I'm right.. though..

I don't think any of the people in here are basic on math but here it goes the basic geometry proving: Prove that if you construct a triangle from connecting the centers of the three congruent circles that are tangent to each other, you form an a equilateral triangle.

Okay. Here goes the answer that I have. If I write out the fruit fry's genotype, it would be either WW or Ww for the wing and RR or Rr for the red-eyed. So, using some mathematics (yea right), I'll have four combinations, or cases to look for. WWRR WWRr WwRR WwRr So, I test crossed them, meaning crossed with a fly with recessive trait on the both of its traits ---> wwrr. Then, here is what I came up for the each of the case: WWRR --> WwRr for all of its sixteen offsprings, therefore, it's homozygous dominant. Since no offspring with recessive alleles appeared. WWRr --> WwRr and Wwrr. Each of them 8/16. So, for this case, it's homozygous for the wing since there was no recessive alleles on the wing but it will be heterozygous for eye color since recessive allels on the eye color occured. ---> rr --> recessive WwRR ---> WwRr and wwRr. So, for this case, it's heterozygous for the wing since the recessive alleles on the wing occured. For the eye color, it would be homozygous since there was no recessive allels on the eye color. WwRr ---> This case has 4/16 for WwRr, Wwrr, wwRr, wwrr. So, the unknown fly, for this case, will be homozygous for the both traits since the offspring with the recessive alleles occurred. Here is one confusing part. Is the WwRr, a homozygous recessive? Because I know it's homozygous.. But I'm not sure whether it's call homozygous when there are four different kinds of possibilites. And did I answer the question fully? THANKS.

Here is the question that I need help on. This is quite simple but my solution is, very very long, and I'm not sure whether I'm right or not. You have a winged red-eyed fruit fly. Design a cross to determine whether the fly is heterozygous for either or both traits. Use a Punnett square to show all possible crosses.

First, before I proceed on asking for my answer, I want to clarify myself on whether plants do respiration and then the animals or any other heterotroph eat them and the respiration occur AGAIN at them.

First, before I proceed on asking for my answer, I want to clarify myself on whether plants do respiration and then the animals or any other heterotroph eat them and the respiration occur AGAIN at them.

Hi, I have this one question left. This asks bit thinking so anyway, allow me to reveal it. Question: How are respiration and photosynthesis connected? Why are they important to life on earth? What is the "big picture" of energy flow, as it is manifested in respiration and photosynthesis? My answer (which I hope to be accurate): Respiration and photosynthesis are connected that the energy (which is the sunlight) is first transferred by photosynthesis, forming glucose. Then glucose is used on respiration to form ATP. These two process are important because those two processes take energy from the outside, change the form that can be used to run the cell. "Big picture" of the energy flow is basically energy moving through the body (or inside) from outside. hmm.. Last question seems insufficient.. Help! Thank you

Hi, I have this one question left. This asks bit thinking so anyway, allow me to reveal it. Question: How are respiration and photosynthesis connected? Why are they important to life on earth? What is the "big picture" of energy flow, as it is manifested in respiration and photosynthesis? My answer (which I hope to be accurate): Respiration and photosynthesis are connected that the energy (which is the sunlight) is first transferred by photosynthesis, forming glucose. Then glucose is used on respiration to form ATP. These two process are important because those two processes take energy from the outside, change the form that can be used to run the cell. "Big picture" of the energy flow is basically energy moving through the body (or inside) from outside. hmm.. Last question seems insufficient.. Help! Thank you

Hi, I got two questions to ask. I have an answer (which I'm going to post) that I think is a hundred percent right but I just want to be sure. I think I have the concept right but only thing that confuses me is whether I had answered the questions ENOUGH. Here goes: 1. What does "carboyhydrate" means? Write the formula for glucose. Does the formula reflects that glucose is carboyhydrate? Answer: "Carboyhydrate" means carbon and water (I didn't put this but more clearly, carbo is carbon and hydrate is water). The chemical formula for glucose is C_6 H_12 O_6 (Wish I can use something like LaTex). The glucose's formula shows that it's carbohydrate because first, it includes carbon by C_6. Second, for water, H_12 O_6 indicates water by ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in 2:1, which is the same ratio of water. (Maybe the last part is confusing but what i'm trying to say is 12:6 = 2:1 {rather simple mathematical reducing} and that I was what I was trying to do) 2. How are the photosynthesis and respiration connected? Why are they both important to you? Answer: The first part is rather easy. Those two are reverse to each other. For importance, it's because those two processes take sunlight and uses to run our cells. I feel like I need to say more but I just can't. I remember my bio teacher saying, "Photosynthesis takes sunlight and that energy is used to run the cell" and well, the process that lets them to do is respiration so it's basically: Sunlight - Photosynthesis - Different form of energy ex. glucose - Respiration - Running the cell I think I'm right... Or is it just one person's hope?

Hi, I got two questions to ask. I have an answer (which I'm going to post) that I think is a hundred percent right but I just want to be sure. I think I have the concept right but only thing that confuses me is whether I had answered the questions ENOUGH. Here goes: 1. What does "carboyhydrate" means? Write the formula for glucose. Does the formula reflects that glucose is carboyhydrate? Answer: "Carboyhydrate" means carbon and water (I didn't put this but more clearly, carbo is carbon and hydrate is water). The chemical formula for glucose is C_6 H_12 O_6 (Wish I can use something like LaTex). The glucose's formula shows that it's carbohydrate because first, it includes carbon by C_6. Second, for water, H_12 O_6 indicates water by ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in 2:1, which is the same ratio of water. (Maybe the last part is confusing but what i'm trying to say is 12:6 = 2:1 {rather simple mathematical reducing} and that I was what I was trying to do) 2. How are the photosynthesis and respiration connected? Why are they both important to you? Answer: The first part is rather easy. Those two are reverse to each other. For importance, it's because those two processes take sunlight and uses to run our cells. I feel like I need to say more but I just can't. I remember my bio teacher saying, "Photosynthesis takes sunlight and that energy is used to run the cell" and well, the process that lets them to do is respiration so it's basically: Sunlight - Photosynthesis - Different form of energy ex. glucose - Respiration - Running the cell I think I'm right... Or is it just one person's hope?

Ok.. I think I really need to get this on straight.. I realized that a) fermentation is totally different process in which NADH is converted to NAD+. This reacts them to carry out energy production in the absence of oxygen. And this doesn't matter to what the top said but the combination of glycolysis and fermentation produces (NOT THAT FERMENTATION PRODUCES BY ITSELF!!!), the result will be 2 ATP molecules from molecule of glucose. Thus, the answer is 2 ATP molecules for fermentation process. b) In glycolysis, practically, there are 4 ATP molecules formed. Yet, what the thing is that 2 ATP molecules of those 4 are actually came from the beginning thus the net gain, or the amount that had been gained, is actually 2 ATP molecules. Thus, it's 2 ATP molecules. c) Now this part is little bit tricky. The real amount of ATP molecules would be somewhere around 38 yet because of transporting and stuffs, 2 of them is gone, resulting total to be 36. Now, we can do subtraction and get 34 ATP is formed from respriation. But, we can explain this more thoroughly that at the end of glycolysis, we get 2 pyruvic acid, a 3-carbon compound. And that and some other stuffs can be transformed and we'll get 34 ATP. That is my final answer and I think I'm right. I hope so.

So am I.. So what you people are saying is that my answer, or whatever I put on the last post is wrong? I see that no ATP is formed during the fermentation yet what i was trying to say was combination of fermentation and glycolysis... Now, I'm stuck on difference between glycolysis and glycolysis & fermentation.. I know what fermentation is though.. Fermentation - anaerobic process for making ATP's. I think it's opposite of respiration. At least that's what i read...

So, what you're saying is 4 ATP on the glycolysis, yet since 2 are used DURING the process, the gain is 2 ATP. And since 2 ATP on the beginning, the rest of them is 34 ATP on the respiration. Hmm.. So, basically it's 2 ATP on glycolysis, 34 ATP on respiration, and 2 ATP on fermentation? Just talking about gain here And, thank you for replies!

Hi, I'm new to this site but I need a great help on my bio. Question: How many ATP molecules are formed in process of glycolysis itself? How many ATP molecules are formed in the process of respriation? How many ATP molecules are formed in process of glycolysis and fermentation (meaning the combination of those two)? I know for total thing, glycolysis and respiration whole thing will make 36 ATP molecules. But there occur confusion to me on the book. It seems the diagram is saying like 4 ATP are formed on glycolysis but in the paragraphs, it's only 2 ATP on glycolysis. Same thing for respiration. Diagram looks like 32 ATP but 34 ATP on paragraphs. For fermentation and glycolysis, I get 2 ATP. I don't know this is right or not. This is extremely important to me. So, please help! Thank you!