NADH

LMFAO @ Phi. GO visit some sex or pervy forums for that answer. This is a scientific community . Haha ~Nav

I think you second question has to do more with the function of the thalamus than anything else. The thalamus directs the impulse signals. So they only go to their appropriate locations. I don't see why the impulse would disrupt other organs. Its like saying why do we run when their if fire? Its because our brain tells us.

Osmosis is defined as the movement if solvent from the area of high concentration to the area of low concentration. Diffusion is when molecules spread out, move from high concentration to low concentration. Therefore I would assume that during diffusion water gets inside the cell by utilizing the aquaporins. Hydrogen ions would utilize ion pumps to diffuse across the membrane. I don't think water gets in with the hydrogen ions. That would be more of a cotransport thing. The cell would burst in that case. ~Nav

NADH is an electron acceptor. Meaning that it carries the electrons to the ETC. Once there, it deposits the two electrons. The movements of the electron through the plasma membrane and the complexes embedded between allows the protons in the Mitochondrial matrix to move up their concentration gradient and into the inter membrane. It is the electrons that supply the energy to the protons. NADH is only the electron carrier molecule.