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openlyfescience

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  1. The reaction between one another. To determine what may happen if you combine them.
  2. I am explaining how I came up with the tables using code while testing with virtual chemistry sets to determine each reaction and what it may or may not produce. Agreed. As there is not a single way to create a light. Thank you for the link tho. I will look more into it. Also, it is not uncommon for someone to test multple ways before conducting live test. For instance I was planning to calculate using valence electrons. "H" => "1s1", "He" => "1s2", "Li" => "1s2 2s1", "Be" => "1s2 2s2", "B" => "1s2 2s2 2p1", "C" => "1s2 2s2 2p2", "N" => "1s2 2s2 2p3", "O" => "1s2 2s2 2p4", "F" => "1s2 2s2 2p5", "Ne" => "1s2 2s2 2p6", "Na" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1", "Mg" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2", "Al" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1", "Si" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2", "P" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3", "S" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4", "Cl" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5", "Ar" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6", "K" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1", "Ca" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2", "Sc" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d1", "Ti" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d2", "V" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d3", "Cr" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d5", "Mn" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d5", "Fe" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d6", "Co" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d7", "Ni" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d8", "Cu" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d10", "Zn" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10", "Ga" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p1", "Ge" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p2", "As" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p3", "Se" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p4", "Br" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p5", "Kr" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6", "Rb" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s1", "Sr" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2", "Y" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d1", "Zr" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d2", "Nb" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s1 4d4", "Mo" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s1 4d5", "Tc" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d5", "Ru" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s1 4d7", "Rh" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d8", "Pd" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10", "Ag" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s1 4d10", "Cd" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10", "In" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p1", "Sn" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p2", "Sb" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p3", "Te" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p4", "I" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p5", "Xe" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6", "Cs" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s1", "Ba" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2", "La" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 5d1", "Ce" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f1 5d1", "Pr" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f3", "Nd" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f4", "Pm" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f5", "Sm" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f6", "Eu" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f7", "Gd" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f7 5d1", "Tb" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f9", "Dy" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f10", "Ho" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f11", "Er" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f12", "Tm" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f13", "Yb" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14", "Lu" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d1", "Hf" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d2", "Ta" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d3", "W" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d4", "Re" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d5", "Os" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d6", "Ir" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d7", "Pt" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d9", "Au" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s1 4f14 5d10", "Hg" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10", "Tl" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p1", "Pb" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p2", "Bi" => "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p3",
  3. 'H' => ['atomic_number' => 1, 'electronegativity' => 2.20], 'He' => ['atomic_number' => 2, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Li' => ['atomic_number' => 3, 'electronegativity' => 0.98], 'Be' => ['atomic_number' => 4, 'electronegativity' => 1.57], 'B' => ['atomic_number' => 5, 'electronegativity' => 2.04], 'C' => ['atomic_number' => 6, 'electronegativity' => 2.55], 'N' => ['atomic_number' => 7, 'electronegativity' => 3.04], 'O' => ['atomic_number' => 8, 'electronegativity' => 3.44], 'F' => ['atomic_number' => 9, 'electronegativity' => 3.98], 'Ne' => ['atomic_number' => 10, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Na' => ['atomic_number' => 11, 'electronegativity' => 0.93], 'Mg' => ['atomic_number' => 12, 'electronegativity' => 1.31], 'Al' => ['atomic_number' => 13, 'electronegativity' => 1.61], 'Si' => ['atomic_number' => 14, 'electronegativity' => 1.90], 'P' => ['atomic_number' => 15, 'electronegativity' => 2.19], 'S' => ['atomic_number' => 16, 'electronegativity' => 2.58], 'Cl' => ['atomic_number' => 17, 'electronegativity' => 3.16], 'Ar' => ['atomic_number' => 18, 'electronegativity' => null], 'K' => ['atomic_number' => 19, 'electronegativity' => 0.82], 'Ca' => ['atomic_number' => 20, 'electronegativity' => 1.00], 'Sc' => ['atomic_number' => 21, 'electronegativity' => 1.36], 'Ti' => ['atomic_number' => 22, 'electronegativity' => 1.54], 'V' => ['atomic_number' => 23, 'electronegativity' => 1.63], 'Cr' => ['atomic_number' => 24, 'electronegativity' => 1.66], 'Mn' => ['atomic_number' => 25, 'electronegativity' => 1.55], 'Fe' => ['atomic_number' => 26, 'electronegativity' => 1.83], 'Co' => ['atomic_number' => 27, 'electronegativity' => 1.88], 'Ni' => ['atomic_number' => 28, 'electronegativity' => 1.91], 'Cu' => ['atomic_number' => 29, 'electronegativity' => 1.90], 'Zn' => ['atomic_number' => 30, 'electronegativity' => 1.65], 'Ga' => ['atomic_number' => 31, 'electronegativity' => 1.81], 'Ge' => ['atomic_number' => 32, 'electronegativity' => 2.01], 'As' => ['atomic_number' => 33, 'electronegativity' => 2.18], 'Se' => ['atomic_number' => 34, 'electronegativity' => 2.55], 'Br' => ['atomic_number' => 35, 'electronegativity' => 2.96], 'Kr' => ['atomic_number' => 36, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Rb' => ['atomic_number' => 37, 'electronegativity' => 0.82], 'Sr' => ['atomic_number' => 38, 'electronegativity' => 0.95], 'Y' => ['atomic_number' => 39, 'electronegativity' => 1.22], 'Zr' => ['atomic_number' => 40, 'electronegativity' => 1.33], 'Nb' => ['atomic_number' => 41, 'electronegativity' => 1.6], 'Mo' => ['atomic_number' => 42, 'electronegativity' => 2.16], 'Tc' => ['atomic_number' => 43, 'electronegativity' => 1.9], 'Ru' => ['atomic_number' => 44, 'electronegativity' => 2.2], 'Rh' => ['atomic_number' => 45, 'electronegativity' => 2.28], 'Pd' => ['atomic_number' => 46, 'electronegativity' => 2.20], 'Ag' => ['atomic_number' => 47, 'electronegativity' => 1.93], 'Cd' => ['atomic_number' => 48, 'electronegativity' => 1.69], 'In' => ['atomic_number' => 49, 'electronegativity' => 1.78], 'Sn' => ['atomic_number' => 50, 'electronegativity' => 1.96], 'Sb' => ['atomic_number' => 51, 'electronegativity' => 2.05], 'Te' => ['atomic_number' => 52, 'electronegativity' => 2.1], 'I' => ['atomic_number' => 53, 'electronegativity' => 2.66], 'Xe' => ['atomic_number' => 54, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Cs' => ['atomic_number' => 55, 'electronegativity' => 0.79], 'Ba' => ['atomic_number' => 56, 'electronegativity' => 0.89], 'La' => ['atomic_number' => 57, 'electronegativity' => 1.10], 'Ce' => ['atomic_number' => 58, 'electronegativity' => 1.12], 'Pr' => ['atomic_number' => 59, 'electronegativity' => 1.13], 'Nd' => ['atomic_number' => 60, 'electronegativity' => 1.14], 'Pm' => ['atomic_number' => 61, 'electronegativity' => 1.13], 'Sm' => ['atomic_number' => 62, 'electronegativity' => 1.17], 'Eu' => ['atomic_number' => 63, 'electronegativity' => 1.2], 'Gd' => ['atomic_number' => 64, 'electronegativity' => 1.20], 'Tb' => ['atomic_number' => 65, 'electronegativity' => 1.1], 'Dy' => ['atomic_number' => 66, 'electronegativity' => 1.22], 'Ho' => ['atomic_number' => 67, 'electronegativity' => 1.23], 'Er' => ['atomic_number' => 68, 'electronegativity' => 1.24], 'Tm' => ['atomic_number' => 69, 'electronegativity' => 1.25], 'Yb' => ['atomic_number' => 70, 'electronegativity' => 1.10], 'Lu' => ['atomic_number' => 71, 'electronegativity' => 1.27], 'Hf' => ['atomic_number' => 72, 'electronegativity' => 1.3], 'Ta' => ['atomic_number' => 73, 'electronegativity' => 1.5], 'W' => ['atomic_number' => 74, 'electronegativity' => 2.36], 'Re' => ['atomic_number' => 75, 'electronegativity' => 1.9], 'Os' => ['atomic_number' => 76, 'electronegativity' => 2.2], 'Ir' => ['atomic_number' => 77, 'electronegativity' => 2.20], 'Pt' => ['atomic_number' => 78, 'electronegativity' => 2.28], 'Au' => ['atomic_number' => 79, 'electronegativity' => 2.54], 'Hg' => ['atomic_number' => 80, 'electronegativity' => 2.0], 'Tl' => ['atomic_number' => 81, 'electronegativity' => 1.62], 'Pb' => ['atomic_number' => 82, 'electronegativity' => 2.33], 'Bi' => ['atomic_number' => 83, 'electronegativity' => 2.02], 'Po' => ['atomic_number' => 84, 'electronegativity' => 2.0], 'At' => ['atomic_number' => 85, 'electronegativity' => 2.2], 'Rn' => ['atomic_number' => 86, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Fr' => ['atomic_number' => 87, 'electronegativity' => 0.70], 'Ra' => ['atomic_number' => 88, 'electronegativity' => 0.90], 'Ac' => ['atomic_number' => 89, 'electronegativity' => 1.1], 'Th' => ['atomic_number' => 90, 'electronegativity' => 1.3], 'Pa' => ['atomic_number' => 91, 'electronegativity' => 1.5], 'U' => ['atomic_number' => 92, 'electronegativity' => 1.38], 'Np' => ['atomic_number' => 93, 'electronegativity' => 1.36], 'Pu' => ['atomic_number' => 94, 'electronegativity' => 1.28], 'Am' => ['atomic_number' => 95, 'electronegativity' => 1.3], 'Cm' => ['atomic_number' => 96, 'electronegativity' => 1.3], 'Bk' => ['atomic_number' => 97, 'electronegativity' => 1.3], 'Cf' => ['atomic_number' => 98, 'electronegativity' => 1.3], 'Es' => ['atomic_number' => 99, 'electronegativity' => 1.3], 'Fm' => ['atomic_number' => 100, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Md' => ['atomic_number' => 101, 'electronegativity' => null], 'No' => ['atomic_number' => 102, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Lr' => ['atomic_number' => 103, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Rf' => ['atomic_number' => 104, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Db' => ['atomic_number' => 105, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Sg' => ['atomic_number' => 106, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Bh' => ['atomic_number' => 107, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Hs' => ['atomic_number' => 108, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Mt' => ['atomic_number' => 109, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Ds' => ['atomic_number' => 110, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Rg' => ['atomic_number' => 111, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Cn' => ['atomic_number' => 112, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Nh' => ['atomic_number' => 113, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Fl' => ['atomic_number' => 114, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Mc' => ['atomic_number' => 115, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Lv' => ['atomic_number' => 116, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Ts' => ['atomic_number' => 117, 'electronegativity' => null], 'Og' => ['atomic_number' => 118, 'electronegativity' => null] I first collected all the information I could above. Then, I ran it through this algorithim. ( It may still need work ) // Create an array to hold the reaction data for each element $reactions = []; // Loop through each element and compare it to every other element to calculate its reaction foreach ($elements as $element1 => $properties1) { $reactions[$element1] = []; foreach ($elements as $element2 => $properties2) { if ($element1 == $element2) { $reactions[$element1][$element2] = null; } else { $delta_electronegativity = abs($properties1['electronegativity'] - $properties2['electronegativity']); if ($delta_electronegativity <= 1.6) { $reactions[$element1][$element2] = 'polar covalent'; } else { $reactions[$element1][$element2] = 'ionic'; } } } }
  4. Thank you all for your responses. As for being 100% correct ( probably not ) it was my first attempt at comparing electronegatives using an algorithm. The purpose was to inspire possibilities as any other science experiment would. WD-40 was not created on the first try, which I realize my project needs more work. But I did collect responses you all have made so i can take the chance to make it more accurate and read friendly.
  5. Please follow the link to view a table of element reactions. https://shipwr3ck.com/research/lib/ionic-or-polar-covalent/

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