singhsippi

Inertia is the resistance of any physical object to any change in its state of motion, including changes in its speed and direction or the state of rest. It is the tendency of objects to keep moving in a straight line at constant velocity. The principle of inertia is one of the fundamental principles of classical physics that are used to describe the motion of objects and how they are affected by applied forces. Inertia comes from the Latin word, iners, meaning idle, sluggish. Inertia is one of the primary manifestations of mass, which is a quantitative property of physical systems. Isaac Newton defined inertia as his first law in his Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, which states:

link removed by mod

Do not confuse this with Enthalpy

In thermodynamics, entropy (usual symbol S) is a measure of the number of specific ways in which a thermodynamic system may be arranged, commonly understood as a measure of disorder. According to the second law of thermodynamics the entropy of an isolated system never decreases; such a system will spontaneously proceed towards thermodynamic equilibrium, the configuration with maximum entropy. Systems that are not isolated may decrease in entropy, provided they increase the entropy of their environment by at least that same amount. Since entropy is a state function, the change in the entropy of a system is the same for any process that goes from a given initial state to a given final state, whether the process is reversible or irreversible. However, irreversible processes, increase the combined entropy of the system and its environment.

 

url deleted

edited by mod

I can't think of ten off the top of my head, but quantum gravity and Vacuum catastrophe would count as one.

link removed

An isotope is an element that has the same atomic number but different atomic mass compared to the periodic table. Every element has a proton, neutron, and electron. The number of protons is equal to the atomic number, and the number of electrons is equal the protons, unless it is an ion. To determine the number of neutrons in an element you subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass of the element. Atomic mass is represented as (A) and atomic number is represented as (Z) and neutrons are represented as (N).

A=N+Z(1)

atomic mass = number of neutrons + atomic number

To determine the stability of an isotope you can use the ratio of neutrons to protons (N:Z)

I have always heard that physicists do not know about whether backward time travel is done or not. I think that is absolutely wrong. Physicists say they have proved that a single photon obeys Einstein's theory that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light — demonstrating that outside science fiction, time travel is impossible.

"Special Theory of Relativity", a simple and elegant hypothesis that made a number of remarkable assertions, nothing could exceed the speed of light clocks in a moving object slow down, the length of a moving object shrinks, and the mass of a moving object increases. These assertions have been confirmed by observations and experiment, and are now generally accepted.

The theory of maximum entropy is that subject to precisely stated prior data, the probability distribution which represent the best current state of knowledge is the one with largest entropy.