Nicholas Kang

I mean instead of suspecting global warming cause icecaps to melt and sea level to rise. There should be some other possible cause, shouldn`t it?

What about moving earth crust? Do you think when tectonic plates move, the water on the earth will be shaken a bit or somehow the tectonic plates create holes on the seabed and water will be effected?

Since ships float by displacement, sure, given sufficient numbers. Note however, that sufficient numbers in this case would probably be equal to more ships than have been built in the whole of human history combined and then multiplied by several orders of magnitude.

 

In short, yes in theory, but in practical application no.

May I know how you prove it mathematically? or Do you have any source?

This is just a pure thought. I am not very sure about this pure thought. My question is can more ships and boats and submarines cause the sea level to rise?

Your post reminds me of Michio Kaku`s latest book-The Future of the Mind. I strongly recommend you to read his book. Then, all your doubts will be solved and terminated. This book emphasize on the mind and the universe. It relates mind or strictly speaking neuroscience, physics like quantum consciousness and the universe with the latest science technology like telepathy-a penny for your thought and telekinesis-mind controlling matter.

In my opinion, we didn`t create ourselves, but where we live in create us-Space.

You may think of stars are stationary, but in true they are not stationary, they just orbit around the galaxy center. Stars don`t move by its own, so do galaxy. The galaxy hardly move. It is just the space expansion that move them further apart.

The deadliest power source in the universe lies in the combination of the four fundamental forces. If you think nuclear power which is mainly governed by weak nuclear force is deadly, wait till you witness the power of the 4-combined fundamental force in the near future.

I think from a strict scientific viewpoint, there do have some sound in space. We know that sound can`t travel through vacuum. But you have to remember that in space there are still Interstellar Medium or ISM. They are dust and gas or plasma particles. Sound can be heard strictly speaking but too faint to be detected by our ears.

Its good to see a 15 year old so interested in Cosmology, that being said the best route for you to undertake understanding cosmology is to understand what the current models and science already understands about cosmology and why. A very common mistake is to try and reinvent the wheel or think outside the box, without understanding what is inside the box.

 

The FLRW metric is an exact solution to Einsteins field equations, currently the strongest model is the LCDM model or lambdaCDM ,[latex]\Lambda CDM[/latex]

 

this is essentially the hot big bang model with the cosmological constant aka dark energy and dark matter included. In light of my advice here is some entrance articles other than the 2 I already posted above.

 

http://arxiv.org/abs/1304.4446 :"What we have leaned from Observational Cosmology." -A handy write up on observational cosmology in accordance with the LambdaCDM model.

 

http://www.phinds.com/balloonanalogy/ : A thorough write up on the balloon analogy used to describe expansion

http://cosmology101.wikidot.com/redshift-and-expansion

http://cosmology101.wikidot.com/universe-geometry

 

textbook style

http://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/0004188v1.pdf :"ASTROPHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY"- A compilation of cosmology by Juan Garcıa-Bellido

http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0409426 An overview of Cosmology Julien Lesgourgues

http://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-th/0503203.pdf "Particle Physics and Inflationary Cosmology" by Andrei Linde

 

historical articles handy to get a picture in how cosmology developed

 

http://www.astrosurf.com/luxorion/hubble-law-redshift1929.htm

Reprint of one of Hubbles papers.

http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/einstein/works/1910s/relative/relativity.pdf

An authorized reprint of Einsteins Special relativity paper.

http://apod.nasa.gov/diamond_jubilee/debate20.html

The "Great debate of the 20's" jubilee reprint article available

 

this one covers Friedmann (FLRW metric)

http://arxiv.org/abs/1302.1498 " “The Waters I am Entering No One yet Has Crossed”: Alexander Friedman and the Origins of Modern Cosmology" written by Ari Belenkiy

 

these articles are essentially entry level with some exceptions, but they should get you started, good luck in your studies.

Thanks, Mordred. I really appreciate your comment. You are right. I should understand the basics before heading towards the advance.

But, I should also emphasize the fact that laws of physics can always be replaced as new theory emerges.

Ok now, I will improve my ideas. Wait for a while.

I think NASA are well enough acquainted with the laws of physics to know that your idea will not (and can never) work.

Can you please tell me why?

As I have said, this is just a basic model. I do need someone`s assistance to improve my idea. I welcome any critics, comments and suggestion from the scientific community. Finally, I have to emphasize the fact that I am just 15 years old and still studying in secondary school. I am limited to my own knowledge. I will try my best to cope with the latest scientific knowledge.

Thanks.

For long scientists are looking into some economical ways to send unmanned probes to explore the extrasolar space. Now, I think this idea is a good one.

Here is my proposal. First, set up a probe by usual methods and procedures just excluding the power supply unit. Next, design the power supply unit. This power supply unit is something new. It is a long but slim system. You have to stock up a certain amount of fuel, let`s say ion or xenon ion which is used by the Japanese probe Hayabusa(if I am not mistaken). The xenon ion is stored in a container or tank. Then, prepare a long pipe with 2 generators or dynamos. The size of the generator or dynamos depend on the size of your probe. Attach the pipe onto the opening of the tank where the fuel is stored. Install the 2 generators on both sides of the opening(left and right). Next, at the end of the pipe, fix another pipe(I call it the recycling pipe). The end of the pipe is fix to the storage tank. Remember to install a pump inside the xenon ion fuel tank to force the ion to burst out at high speed.

This is how my proposal works. when the probe is started. The pump in the xenon ion fuel tank will start to pump the ion out at high speed. The ion will push the dynamo as it move through the pipe(The diameter of the pipe must be suitable to provide enough pressure for the ion to move through the narrow path, thus forcing the dynamos to spin). The dynamos then provide electricity to the probe. The xenon ion is then recycled after passing through the first pipe(where the dynamos are placed). The xenon ion is recycled through the second pipe back to the storage tank and it is then pumped again to push the dynamos which mean the cycle is repeated. No xenon ion is wasted to the surrounding.

There is also a second benefit. If certain modification is done, the xenon ion can also be used as a thrust to provide movement to the probe. You are killing two birds with one stone!

Of course, there are several aspects need further research, including the consequences of leakage of both pipes.

Anyway, I hope my idea will be considered deeply and throughout by NASA. Thank you.

Edit: I had improved my ideas as you can see in the new diagram. The diagram is not drawn to scale and in 2D. In true 3D world, there must be slight differences from the diagram above. In my new diagram, the generators are placed just near the openings of the thruster. When the ions are fired, they are forced to spin the dynamos located at both the left and right side of the openings. Of course, the openings must be in suitable size to produce high pressure and the dynamos must be placed in correct positions to ensure highest efficiency of energy production. The ions will eventually be captured by an absorber. The absorber will look like a giant dish or antenna, many times larger than the openings of the thruster. Then, as the ions scatters throughout the space, they will be absorbed by the absorber. If possible, placed a pump to pump the ions into the recycling pipes. The ions will finally be directed back to the ion tank. The process will repeat. For safety purpose, 2 doors or gates can be placed between the tank and the pipes to control the amount of ions flowing.

My idea is space creates what we see and measure today. Space expands because space itself creates what wesee and measure today. and it is what we see and measure today that cause space to expand. Space creates matter, energy and atoms. I lit up a candle. It burns. I see soot and feel the heat emited. The heat cause space expands. I did some correction upon answering your question.

Thanks for your comment and correction. I appreciate a lot for that.

I came across a book introducing Einstein`s Theory of Relativity. The book did make some introduction about Einstein`s life. In one part, the book did say that Eistein was once kicked out from the gymnasium in Germany or Switzerland(I couldn`t remember). Then, he moved to Italy due to some family busniess. One day, while he was cycling around a park in Italy. He asked himself a question: What would happen if I was sitting beside a light? Would I see a stationary light beam? This question lead him towards his success in Special Theory of Relativity which stated: The speed of light is independent of its motion and the motion of the observer. If Einstein wasn`t thought of this phenomena when he was 16 years old, he won`t succeed in proposing his theory 10 years later. A common sentence said by most Einstein-related books: In the past 10 years of thinking, I find out that there is no such thing. The thing refers to his pure thought of light semms to be stationary when viewed in parallel motion with light. Light is electromagnetic wave which is made up of constantly changing magnetic and electric field due to accelerating electrons. If the EM is stationary, the EM will have disappeared. There will be no light. He did understand Maxwell Equations but that was when he entered ETH in Switzerland. His foundation in Science and Maths when he was just 16 years old and being kicked out of school weren`t that firm as compared to when he was in Zurich Polythenic Institute, Switzerland. A book even reported that Einstein was mumbling because the ETH didn`t teach the latest Maxwell Equations.

I am so sorry to tell you that I am just a 15-year-old secondary student. The above hypothesis is just a pure thought. I am limited to my own standard. I am still a school student. I am admire of Albert Einstein. He also propose his Theory of Relativity upon pure thought. I will try my best to cope with your reply. Thanks.

My aim is to reconstruct the structure of the universe with a brand new theory. I have long thought of how space and the universe evolve. I am interested in explaning them. I am really sorry for anything wrong in the above article. I am not a true expert yet.

I promise you that I will continue attaining new knowledge in Physics when I am studying in the university in the near future.

I welcome any comments, corrections and improvement on my pure thought to make it even more sensible and scientific. Do provide mathematical formula if possible.

Your comments, corrections and improvement are highly appreciated.

Thank you.

When I first proposed this pure thought in Nature Physics Journal, my thought was rejected but being praised for stimulating others thinking about such questions.

I am going to discuss something about space in this topic. Where does the universe came about? What causes Big Bang? I think we might have found out the answer. It all lies in a brand new theory (more precisely just a hypothesis) -The Theory of Space.

The Theory of Space

1. Space is everything. Nothing is outside space.

2. Space creates universe. No matter what theory might be proposed in the future, they must have relationship or originated from space itself.

3. Space is an ultimate invisible super large field, containing a vast amount of gravitions or gravitational field lines.

4. The 4 fundamental forces we know today are actually part of the gravitational field lines or gravitions. Under high temperature and pressure, the quantum of all forces will merge(not proven mathematically, just merely a hypothesis) and form the "real" gravitational force, which means the gravitational force we know today is just a remnant of a once unknown explosion or process. The gravitational force splits into 3 forces (strong, weak and electromagnetic) and some remnant(the weak gravitational force is measureable today)

5. Space expands beyond the speed of light and ther is no speed limit for space expansion

6. Space expand when heated and contract when cooled

7. Space is constant with no temperature, pressure and anything

8. Time is a special measurement of universal space expansion. As time decrease, Space becomes eventually smaller and vice versa.

9. Space makes up everything, including all particles, energy carriers and matter particles.

10. Space modification is done when we heat something in somewhere in space. Thus, it is space that expand when heated, not particles gaining kinetic energy. It is just space inside subatomic particles gain kinetic energy and expand. Because space is universal and constant, as time passes by, space modification is constantly competing with other modifications done but space expands beyond the speed of light, thus unmeasurable but still obeying certain laws in quantum mechanics. Quantum is just a representative of space in packet form.

11.The heat that cause space to expand is originated from the source in it, not from outside the space.

First, let`s figure out the concept of space. Where is space? It is everywhere. Nothing is outside space. So, we are going to solve the first mystery-What happens before Big Bang?. In my opinion, there are a few possibilities. First, we have a mother universe-a 10-dimensional space full of either mass or energy(If the mother universe is full of mass, then it would be quite smaller than our current universe.Why? Because E=mc². Little mass in mother universe will transform into huge amount of energy while due to insufficient time or certain resistance (another mystery), not all mass transform into energy some retain thus forming you and me today! If our mother universe is full of energy, then vice versa!). From time to time, the gravitions accumulate and become unstable. Our 10 dimensional space became unstable and eventually collapse. The 4-dimensional space becomes smaller and the 6-dimensional space expands, they eventually merge to form the universal space we know today.

Secondly, let`s reconsider the bell ringing vacuum experiment. In this experiment, we place a ringing bell inside a bell jar. Then, the bell jar is vacuumed by a vacuum pump. We would eventually realised the ringing sound is getting fainter and fainter. Then, when all the air is sucked out, the ringing sound is completely faint (Not being heard). According to The Theory of Space, you didn`t suck out the space inside the bell jar, if you did suck out the space, the bell jar will have collapsed. So, if you can magnify or vibrate the space until it reaches the same frequency as the bell ringing frequency, resonance is achieved. You can now hear the sound, but not the sound from the bell, it is just the resonance of space itself!

That is all for now. As I had mentioned earlier, I don`t provide any mathematical formula or any observed data or even computer simulations to support my pure thought. I hope all of the science community will help to work out the final results. Thank you.