Organic Chemistry

I`ll post this here anyway even though most of our chemists are gone, Take Phenol or Benzene for example, they can have all sorts of attatchemnts to them, NO2 (O2N), R, OHs, Halides, Amines etc... even Sodium. How about Other metals such as Copper or Chromium, Manganesse etc... now I know it can be done with the Acids of these, Benzoic, Phenolic etc.. is there a way to attatch them without them being Acids? OR Use the acid part to get them on there, and then strip that part leaving the metal ions in place?

Just a quick q is there any reason all the posts here (bar one) refer to the use of H2SO4 when making acids (eg nitric and ethanoic) from salts rather than any other strong acids. Is HCL less effective ? or is H2SO4 cheaper /more available where most of you are (H2SO4 is at least a 40 min drive from where i am for 5mol acid compared to HCL which is in every hardware and pool store) HCL appeared to be very effective in the production of boric acid from Borax... dissolved 100g borax in massive excess of HCL (200 ml) & heated to 60c (not all dissolved). Diluted acid borax mix with a futher 100ml H20 & kept at 60c then filtered. Refluxed res…

Hi! I was wondering if anyone knows what the neutral option is for the reduction of a carbonyl group?? I know about the Clemmensen and Wolff kishner but not this!! Please help Thanks

I'm doing a paper about isomerization, so i can get my degree. My docent is not associable and i need some help by ercomending some urls or sending any pdfs. Thank you

Hello, My name is Robert Noel and I am the owner of Chocolateguild.com. My website is all about chocolate. I come to you guys because I was refered by someone on another forum. I was wondering if anyone here has had experience in the chocolate world because of Chemistry? I would like to find someone that knows there stuff with the different procedures in chocolate and learn a thing or two...If anyone has experience like this please chime in!!! Robert http://www.chocolateguild.com

acid+amine=amide. should it be more specific like carboxylic acid+amine=amide? (might be just a stupid question, sorry)

Where can an individual obtain some petroleum ether, assuming that most chemical suppliers won't sell to individuals and that distilling gasoline is most definitely out? I imagine that some similar solvents would work equally well, so please let me know if you think there are some alternatives.

awhile ago somebody posted something about a lemon eating contest and asked what would null the lemons tart taste, I just recently stumbled across a fruit which when eaten alters your tastebuds so that everything that enters your mouth for the next 30 minutes after use tastes super sweet. google miracle fruit.

edit: i apologise if this is in the wrong spot - i was unsure if it should go in organic chem or in "your experiments" as it is both.... I am trying to get to Benzyl alcohol 1) for the chllenge of getting there and 2) for use as flavouring in some soaps (my next project - if anyone has any good recipees let me know) that im planning on making for xmas for peeps. Anyhow the plan is to go Toluene---chlorination-->Benzyl Chloride ---Hydrolisys ---> Benzyl Alcohol (then possibly use alone or as an ester component) I am wondering how long the Ca(OCL)2 chlorination is supposed to take using equal volumes toluene:bleaching powder (or a slight excess of tol…

My Chem teacher aroused the question today, 'Why or how does water boil at room temperature?' that is if you were to leave a cup of water in a room with a temp of lets say 25degreesC and come back in two weeks the water would be evaporated(at least to some point). To change into a gas water is boiled and at 100degreesC it turns into vapor no? So how does water evaporate or chaneg states at 25 degressC rather than 100DC ?

How can you make pectic acid from pectin? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectin http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectic_acid http://sci-toys.com/ingredients/pectin.html

Hey there everyone! I've been wondering about this for a while. We've been studying the electrophilic substitution of various things into the benzene ring. This normally occurs best when something like a hydroxyl group is attached to the ring as the electronegative oxygen draws the electrons towards it, allowing electrophiles to more easily attack the bond. I am curious however as to why there is almost never complete substitution into the ring, there are normally 2 or three substitutions but I haven't seen any (I can remember) examples where there has been full substitution. I'm guessing it is possible, but maybe somewhat unstable if it affects the deloca…

Hey there everyone! I thought this may make an interesting debate, we had this debate today in chemistry and I would be very interested to hear your insights. Organic chemistry is normally considered to be mainly involving compounds involving mainly carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, some sulphur, nitrogen, phosphorus and halogens too. In recent years this seems to have changed some what, we now have compounds that seem to break the traditional rules of what exactly defines an organic compound. Some compounds contain all sorts of things such as transition metals, alkali metals etc. My question too you is this: How far does the distinction of an organic compound go in o…

I am really lost with this question... could anyone please point me in the right direction? 2-chloropropanoic acid and 2-hydroxypropanoic acid can both show optical activity. Identify the feature whcih both molecules possess that accounts for this property. When 2-hydroxypropanoic acid is formed from 2-chloropropanoic acid, the product shows no optical avtivity. Deduce the type of nucleophilic substitution that takes place and explain your answer. The first part is ok. I however can't figure out the following part. Working kind of backwards I would think that perhaps it is an Sn2 mechanism because the formation of the carbocation is not favoured because of…

Hello, do you know some specific application of (E)-4-hexen-1-ol? I have already surch info. on google how to synthetise it but I didn't find what for this compound is really used. thank you

Which one of these is an alkyl bromide... http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/search/ProductDetail/ALDRICH/250023 Or http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/search/ProductDetail/ALDRICH/124095 Or maybe neither any help would be much appreciated.

Free radical reacions are inhibited by oxygen & iodine only or some other substance may do that.If can do ,then please tell me such substance & mechanism too.

i have come across the word NATURAL OCCURING FATS !!!!i i have some references state that the fatty acid in the NATURAL OCCURING FATS must be a straight chain fatty acid ???? Is it true ???

Im in sophmore organic chemistry in college but i been feeling kind of depressed lately. I put in my fair amount of time studying the material and i never usually fall behind or procrastinate. But on the last test i did really bad. I really thought i understood the material to expect B or higher. But the professor's test was hard and the average score was a 66 out of the whole class. But i still dont know why i did so much for my time spent for preparation. HOw do/did you guys become good at organic and what are some tips you can offer? Also, it would be appreciated if you can provide some links that is very thorough for review and test concepts to make sure you have…

I`ve been given nearly a gallon (5 litres) of Toluene today, I`ve also contributed Much to this site in the past, so I figure I`m about due to ask a few "lame" questions myself does anyone know of any interesting things I can do with this stuff? and no, before any K3wl says it, I did the TNT thing over 20 years ago and have no interest in that anymore, I was satisfied. I`de like to try making the benzoic acid with acidulated KMnO4, ok I already Have this acid, but I`ve never made it this way before. also Sulphonic acid synths to make detergents, I`de like to try that too. and any Other ideas or synths for a relative Orgo Newb seems a pity to use all o…

Hello, it exists sevaral methods to make the flavone synthesis. I see how works the fist step of each method, but don't see how works the mecanism of the other steps in both methods (see enclosed doc.) I thank you very much for you help.

Hello every one.I m professor of chemistry.I tried to make website about chemistry.Can u help me in this regard.http://www.freewebs.com/aamera. U can help me by giving some suggestions ,by putting some questions etc.

I've read that you can reduce aliphatic nitro groups to amines using HCl and an iron catalyst. What proportions are needed and is the catalyst pure iron or a salt? Does this work with eg. (nitromethyl)-benzene, or is this affected too much by the aromatic ring?

Hey everyone! I've missed a bit of school and I'm reading up on what I've missed (turns out it was a lot of organic chemistry stuff) and one of these topics was about benzene. Kekulé's original idea was alternating double and single bonds within the carbon loop but this was shown to be inaccurate because the bond lengths were identical, and that benzene under went substitution rather than addition (Now what you'd expect if there were double bonds in the molecule) and the molecule was more energetically stable than was expected. My question is this; could Kekulé's idea for benzene actually exist - eve if for a short period of time? -- Ryan Jones

What is it? I have to do an experiment for my organic chem and I am very clueless. We are supposed to synthesize this stuff and make it react with a polyaromatic molecule to produce light. It's called chemiluminescence. Any way I have a few questions. 1) Whats a "sensitizer solution" 2) How do you prepare one? I am very new to all this sorry if this seems trivial.