Non Paternity impact

[Ten oz]

There are a lot of different studies floating around that place the non paternity rate of fathers in Europe and Northern American low as 1-3% to high as 28-30 percent. http://www.isogg.org/wiki/Non-paternity_event

 

What impact does this have on the child being raised by a non biological parent believed to be a biological one? Just as various types of stress affect hormones in children which alter development does exposure to a parent with specific shared genes alter the expression of those genes in biological children? For example; do I have my fathers nervous tick as result of emulating him, experiencing his tick trigger something in my genes, or as a matter of genetics I would've had the tick with or without him in my life? assuming any of the three examples are true is good or bad for society as a whole?

 

Also if anyone has a link to reliable research on non paternity I would be interested in seeing it as I have been unable to locate any.