Pions mass ~140 MeV, most of the mass being above & beyond the "bare mass" of the constituent (anti)quarks (5-10 MeV). This amounts to ~65 MeV of gluons per quark.

 

Nucleons mass ~940 MeV, etc., amounting to ~310 MeV of gluons per quark.

 

Why is there ~5x as much "glue" per quark, in baryons, over mesons ? If each quark bonds to every other quark, there ought to be:

 

[math]\left( \stackrel{3}{2} \right) : \left( \stackrel{2}{2} \right) = 3[/math]

 

times as much "glue", in baryons, over mesons (a "triad" of bonds, vs. a single "string"). But, instead, there's roughly 930/130 = 7x as much "glue" in baryons, vs. mesons, more than twice what such a simple accounting indicates.

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Merged post follows:

Consecutive posts merged

From D.Griffiths' Introduction to Elementary Particles (2nd. ed.), pg. ~175:

 

Flavor	Bare Mass	Effective Mass	Glue Mass
u	2	         336	         334
d	5	         340	         335
s	95	         486	         391
c	1300	         1550	         250
b	4200	         4730	         530
t	174000	         177000          3000

 

Thus, excluding the poorly studied Top quark, which has never been observed bound (?), the "glue mass" (M_eff - M_bare) per quark is (quasi-)constant, at about 350 MeV / quark. Quarks "ooze" the same amount of glue, irrespective of Generation (much less rest mass)* ??

*

Generation is changed, and hence determined (?), by the

Weak Force

, irrespective of the

Strong / Color Force

. From such a perspective, and given that

Color Charge

is conserved

, it might make some sense that changing the

Generation

of a

quark

, which only affects its rest mass, would not affect how it interacts thru the

Strong / Color Force

. The anomalously low "glue mass" of the

c

, might mean, that

c

's have been studied mostly in

mesons

, which make allot less "glue" than

baryons

. And, the slowly increasing "glue mass", of the more & more massive

quarks

, might mean, that those more massive

quarks

"bowl" or "barrel" further afield from their fellows, stretching their glue-bond-bands tighter, and increasing their energy.

Edited June 11, 201015 yr by Widdekind
Consecutive posts merged.

The clue lies in the fact that free gluons have never been observed they are the bond between two or more quarks. Like the vortex between electrons, they are the overlap ‘particle’ and the quantity of mass transferred to the overlap particle is related to the force of the particles not there mass.

 

I cannot find any reason why physicists refer to the overlap of electron as a vortex, while the overlap of quarks is referred to as a particle.