seeing as the earth is moving through space how does this fit into the theory and how are we then effected by it?

were not effected by it, part of the theory states that every reference frame is equivalent. So it doesn't matter if to some other planet were moving at .99 percent of the speed of light.

Not every reference fram is equivelent, only those with constant velocities. The earth is accelerating in a couple of important ways.

 

I'm not sure how to answer the question concerning how the earth is effected by its moving through space. For instance, we end up at different points around the sun and sometimes other planets pass between us and the sun. But I'd think that would be obvious. So what do you mean?

So what do you mean?

 

Unfortunately, that cannot be answered with the information given in the original question ;;; which seems to be concocted through a lack of understanding of the ideas he/she wished to ask.