jmarjorie

Would anyone know if there is a formula to calculate the variation of Boiling Point (BP)of aqueous organic liquids (azeotropes) with respect to Pressure ?

Need to know the BP of Ethanol 96% at various pressures.

Thanks everyone for your valuable contributions ! Sorry, I slipped up on the solubility of MgSO4 which is very soluble in water(> 100g/Lt)

I came across another way of dissolving the CaSO4: By warming it in (NH4)2SO4

Would anyone know what are the ideal widely available and cheap inorganic compounds to double decompose CaSO4 and MgSO4 into their more water soluble counterparts.

Please note that the sulfates of Calcium and Magnesium themselves are insoluble in water. The other inorganic compounds and their Sulfates have to be soluble in water. Any such compounds ?

Dear All,

Will the following polyhydric alcohols undergo any reaction or be affected by the presence of 10% H2SO4 at 80 degrees Centigrade ?

My main concern is if dehydration / elimination takes place leading to the formation of an Alkene.

A ) CH2OH . C(CH3)OH . CHOH . CH2OH

B ) CH2OH . C(CH3)OH . CH2 . CH2 . CH2 . CH(CH3) . CHOH . CH2OH

[ I thought of carrying out the above reaction and testing with bromine water, but it may not be satisfactory as substitution of -OH group can occur.

Also, if at all elimination takes place the -Br adds onto the C = C.

In both cases decolorization of bromine water takes place and this test may be inconclusive. ]

Dear All,

This goes out to those expert in fractional distillation : A mixture contains 2 organic liquids (completely miscible with each other), one with a boiling point of 80 deg C and the other with a boiling point of 35 deg C.

Can the two liquids be completely seperated by fractional distillation using a very long column or will they behave as a binary azeotropic mixture at constant pressure (constant boiling point mixture) and the distillate still contain proportions of both mixtures ?

I'am asking as I have not fully understood the concept; some say the mixtures are not seperable while others say the mixtures are completely seperable; am confused.

Would anyone know something about the following pertaining to DBP :

1) Is it pH dependent in its polymerization catalytic activity

2) Ideal temperature for optimum activity in liquid media

with Ethanol as solvent (monomer dissolved in solvent)

3) How good will DBP catalyse addition polymerization

for the following in Ethanol as solvent :

A) Isoprene (2-methyl buta-1,3-diene) C5H8

CH2=C(CH3)CH=CH2

B) Monoterpene (2,6-dimethyl octa-1,7-diene) C10H16

CH2=C(CH3)CH.CH2.CH2C(CH3)CH=CH2

4) Can Benzoyl Peroxide C6H5COOOH also work as well as DBP ?

Your kind assistance will be highly appreciated.

Thankyou,

jmarjorie

Hey KFC, if you want to make ethylene / ethene check this website (which is advertised in this site ) http://www.catalyticgenerators.com

Ethene is polymerized at 60 degrees centigrade and atmospheric pressure using a Ziegler-Natta catalyst; before this the reaction was carried out at elevated temps and high pressure. Both scientists recieved the Nobel peace prize for their work. Ethene is the gas given off in ripening fruits and accelerates the ripening process. Thus transporters of frits employ substances to absorb this gas and delay the ripening of fruit in transit. Collecting ethene from a ripening banana is a waste of time and the quantity emitted is nothing you can do anything with. Have to generate it in the lab.

Ethanol + Con H2SO4 at 170 deg C. CARE !!!

In the direct hydration of Alkenes using an acid ( mineral or organic ) as catalyst in aqueous conditions,what is the ideal Molarity, quantity of acid, reaction conditions and yield ? Is this an efficient process for say, the isoprene derivative, a diene, CH2=C(CH3) CH CH2 CH2 C(CH3)CH=CH2 , which is soluble in Ethanol and using dil H2SO4.

Can the Alkene, C10H16, a derivative of isoprene, a diene :

CH2=C(CH3)CH CH2 CH2 C(CH3) CH=CH2 undergo free radicle addition polymerization using Di benzoyl Peroxide at room or elevated temperature, but atmospheric pressure ? Solvent is Ethanol.

Cationic polymers are high POSITIVE charged molecules.

Alkenes have a high density of NEGATIVE electron charge associated with the pi electrons of the double bond ( C=C )

Can the two react together ( coagulate / agglutinate ) ?

The Alkene is a diene,C10H16, a derivative of isoprene CH2=C(CH3)CHCH2CH2C(CH3)CH=CH2

The Cationic polymer is Poly Diallyl Dimethyl ammonium Chloride, poly DADMAC, having a medium molecular weight and high charge density.

Dear All,

In the manufacture of Ethyl Sulfate, CH3CH2-O-SO2OH, does it matter if Ethanol is added to Conc. Sulfuric acid or vice versa, (slowly with stirring ) and if the addition temp is about 25 deg C ?

During the hydration of Ethyl Sulfate, does it matter if Ethyl Sulfate is added to excess water or vice versa ( slowly with stirring ) at the addition temp of 25 deg C ?

Can the Conc Sulfuric acid be regenerated by boiling off the water present ?

Thanks in advance,

jmarjorie

Dear All,

Are saturated hydrocarbon chloro alkanes ( R - Cl ) eg C10 H20 Cl2 ionic ?

If yes, are they anionic or cationic ?

Can concentrated ammonia solution (0.88) be used to react with chloro alkanes,in a polar solvent, at room temperature (25 deg C) ?

It does not matter if salts of Primary,Secondary,Tertiary,Quarternary ammonium compounds are formed.

Main purpose of this reaction is to "mop up" the unwanted chloro alkane and seperate it as a salt ie. R - NH3 Cl OR R - NH2.HCl

Thanks in advance,

jmarjorie

Dear All,

I wish to attain a 'one-pot' synthesis of a diol from an alkene, and have drawn up a reaction scheme; pls let me know if the following is feasible:

Points to note :

1) The Alkene is an aliphatic hydrocarbon and is water soluble

(soluble in Ethanol,the resultant mix is soluble in water)

2) The reaction temperature in all cases is 25 degrees C

3) There are no other functional groups present in the alkene

REACTION SEQUENCE

C = C + HOCl ---------> C(OH)-C(Cl)

(5% NaOCl, pH 6.5)

C(OH)-C(Cl) + 2M NaOH (aq) --------> C(OH)-C(OH)

Is the above scheme feasible and viable ?

If possible, what would be probable yields ?

Will the diol undergo any changes, eg dehydration on heating to 100 deg C

Any side reactions,considering that Ethanol is present with Hypochlorite ?

Thanks in advance,

Best regards,

jmarjorie

Thanks for your reply. I'am interested in achieving a 1,2-diol addition using a catalyst that is cheap and readily available, like lead (IV), (no exotics).

Any journal references ?

jmarjorie

Dear All,

Will alkaline / acidic KMnO4 oxidize Ethanol to Ethanoic acid at room temp ?

Thanks,

jmarjorie

Dear All,

Apart from KMnO4, can alkaline H2O2 be used to effect oxidation of C=C bond at room temp ?

If yes, what are the ideal reaction conditions,catalysts,yields,precautions ?

Any journal references ?

Thanks in advance,

jmarjorie

Dear All,

Does anyone know the boiling point ( BP ) and structural formula of Caoutchoucine / caoutchouc , also known as " distillate of India rubber "

I have tried all internet search engines but no info available. Thanks,

jmarjorie

Thanks everyone for your contribution to this problem. Budullewraagh confirmed the same thought I had; ie empoly a chemical reaction followed by a physical one to seperate the mixtures.....Convert the Pyridine to its hydrochloride' date=' a salt, that has a much higher Bp than the parent compound. Pyridine itself is quite difficult to react chemically.

Even though Ethanol & Pyridine have a large difference in the BP, they form a constant BP (azeotrope) mixture....By the way I think its only Conc H2SO4 that will react with Ethanol; not quite sure about dil HCL. Thanks all !

jmarjorie[/quote']

 

" Impossible is a word in the dictionary of fools "

Thanks everyone for your contribution to this problem. Budullewraagh confirmed the same thought I had; ie empoly a chemical reaction followed by a physical one to seperate the mixtures.....Convert the Pyridine to its hydrochloride, a salt, that has a much higher Bp than the parent compound.

Even though Ethanol & Pyridine have a large difference in the BP, they form a constant BP (azeotrope) mixture....By the way I think its only Conc H2SO4 that will react with Ethanol; not quite sure about dil HCL. Thanks all !

jmarjorie

Dear All,

How can a mixture of Ethanol and Pyridine be efficiently and totally seperated from the same mix by fractional distillation, which practically yields a constant boiling point mixture of 75 deg Centigrade.

Can both chemical & physical methods be deployed simultaneously ? eg

Can the Pyridine be chemically reacted to form a compound having a much higher boiling point (say with dil HCL, to form Pyridine.HCL ?) or was the distillation temp too high, so that both compounds just distilled over ?

The fractionating column had steel helices and was long enough.

Any suggestions ? Thanks in advance.

Dear All,

What would be the best method of preparing silver nitrate AgNO3 using Nitric acid HNO3. Would like the EXACT quantitative proportions of metallic Silver & Molarity of HNO3.

The solution got was highly acidic (pH 1) even though no more silver reacted.

Is heat necessary ? Is there a catalyst to speed up the reaction ?

No text book gives this.Thanks in advance,

jmarjorie

chemicals555@yahoo.com