AndresKiani

Lol yes.. but The better question is. Is what is the enthalpy change of the system based on the thermodynamic properties of each salt's dissolution process in an aqueous solvent. This can be qualitative and quantitative. Good science is both.

I have an uncle who is rather arrogant.. and we've had a lot of arguments about how humans digest food. Amylase is an enzyme in our saliva, and pancreas, used to break down starch into monomers. I've never taken a microbiology course, but I know that most some Bacteria have Amylase B as part as an integral protein to break down sugars in their immediate environment.

I explained all of that in my previous post "Primate" your just reiterating what I've said.., they should not be looking for max temp and min temp. Instead your looking for a plateau. Take the difference between the initial temp. of the water and the final temp being the temp. at which it plateaus. Enthalpy change is state function. Also, its not ok to use grams... you cannot accurately compare the thermodynamics of salt dissolution in water with grams. Grams will not give you accurate data, you need to use moles.

Why are you guys using grams????? Tips... I can give you guys... 1) You guys should define concentrations of each salt used, so you can compare salt dissolution processes better. You would also want to choose molal concentrations for each solution. Molarity, will not give you an efficient measurement, because since your measuring enthalpy change of each salts' dissolution process, temp. change will effect the density of the water liquid solution, and since Molarity is mol/L, Liters water is a volumetric measurement, this will give you a less accurate result. However if you choose Molal concentration measurement for each solution, you mol/Kg. Kg is a mass reading, and will not change throughout your dissolution process. 2) Thermodynamics of each dissolution process is based on the.. state function.. were solute solute and solvent solvent interactions are broken, and solute solvent interactions are configured. Therefore if the amount energy put into your system to break those interactions is more energy J/mol than the energy released when the conformation is made between the salt and water particles, that salts' dissolution process will be endothermic. Flipside, if less energy is imputed and more energy is outputted than your Enthalpy change will be exothermic (neg.) 3) Since the thermodynamic process of salt dissolution is a state function process. You must be looking for the plateau curve, were the temp. plateaus off at. Not the min and max. You must first measure the temp. of the water, than measure the temp. were your temp. is constant after dissolution. 4) You will be than be using the Q = m x Cs x DeltaT(change.. Tfinal - Tinitial), to measure the amount of heat exchanged between the system. 5) You will also want to use a Styrofoam cup or something, to accurately measure this process' thermodynamics. Otherwise, you will have error in your data due to thermal energy dissipation. You also have to take in consideration the hydrations for each salt, most salts are hydrated because that's their most stable form... Use that to get the accurate MW. for each salt, in order to give your correct moles of each salt used.

Thermodynamics of salt dissolution in water. Yes.. what is your question though?

We use Nitrocellulose occasionally in lab, when we do essays and gels. It serves as a much sturdier template to preserve the blots, instead of using gels which are extremely fragile and will degrade quickly. I also have no desire to give you information on explosives and such. No respectable chemist will give you that information in this day and age.

Lol very true.. I agree completely agree.

It was asked "What's the point of this thread", the point of this thread was to have a discussion. This is a forum, we have discussions on forums, no need for a forum police. This was never at any point a debate.., unless you want to turn it into one, and we can go there if you want. I agree with you that I'm not a pure physics major, and furthering the pure science of physics is not my goal or even interest. All I do is use physical principles to further Neuroscience and our understanding of the brain. However, this is most of what I study, is physics and how I can integrate into Neuroscience. This is a big part of the field, my lab professor is a Physcists who studies Neuroscience, and my partners range from Biophysicists to Neuroscientists to Neurobiologists (who study purely anatomical and cellular structures at the view point of a biologists). With Neuroscience its very interdisciplinary, some Neuroscience is like psychology, they integrate psychology and Neuroscience. Others, like Neurobiologists are much more biologists than interdisciplinary scientists. Some are Neurochemists and Neuropharmacologists who work mostly with the chemicals of the brain and chemical principles to further Neuroscience. I myself work mostly with dynamics and kinetics of nerve cells and use mostly physical principles to study and further brain research. My ultimate goal is neural networking and neural engineering for my Phd work. Mind my typing errors, I'm on my phone and can careless.

Where just having a discussion.

As a Neuroscientists, I also consider myself a Physicists. You have different sides of Neuroscience, you have the Neuroanatomical side of it. Where research is done on how different parts of the brain works. You have the cellular side of it which neurons are studied as a biological system or units, in Neurobiology. You have the chemical side of it in Neurochemistry and Neuropharmacology. You also have the mixture of biology and philosophical side to it, where Neuroscience meets Philosophy, were one talks about how we perceives the world and how it relates to our minds and brains. However, you also have the side.. best defined by physical laws and biophysics of the neurons. This is what I do.. studying. Neural Networks, Resistance, Currents, Capacitance, Phospholipid nonconductance and dynamics and effects on neuronal systems. Cellular Voltage, Equivalent-Cylinder Models and Neuronal systems, Dendritic Dynamics and Kinetics. Membrane potentials, frequencies, quantum physics and microtubule dynamics, ect Single Dimensional Membrane Potential, and Mechanisms. Role of Complex Mechanics and Nerve Cell Physiology. Active propagation of nerve signals. Nerve cell protein dynamics, Presynaptic Mechanics and Synaptic Transmissions. Excitatory transmission, magnetic fields involving transmission. Nerve cell potentiation. Physics of Mechanoreceptors. A lot more interesting topics I didn't cover.. Overall goal is.. Using this to understand how we think, create images in our heads ect. Also more interesting topics in this field, Neural Networking and applications of Neural Engineering, that is done.

Yeah, I mean it changes throughout the day. Transcription/Translation and gene expression changes within the second. Its a very dynamic process.

Being that you can't break Sigma bonds and can only reform Pi bonds. This will not have another important resonance structure. Looking at that molecule, however.. it is not incorrect to say that the Pi bond on the 2 - 3 carbon on propene group, can be switched over to that other side with C3 - Oxygen. This will give oxygen a positive charge but will not be incorrect. (My ChemSketch program is not working so I wouldn't be able to show you visually unfortunately) This however is known as a very unimportant resonance structure and is only implemented to show polarity. Also, please stick around on the forum. As I see you only have had one post. I like to encourage you to be an active member on this forum.

Cells have huge number of ribosomes, some have millions of Ribosomes, so that's why...

*Let me remind you that I'm just trying to learn, so excuse me if I sound like I'm arguing, it comes off bad when your not actually sitting face to face with the other person* Let me ask you something though... When an electron absorbs this energy, it must than be moving faster (which is what we call excited state) am I right or wrong? Causing the electron move to a higher energy orbital.. Here the electron cannot last very long because it is not a stable configuration, so it falls back down to the lower energy orbital releasing its energy.. I've read that this occurs almost instantaneously. If this is occurring instantaneously(absorbing and releasing energy)... Why would you say some of these transitions take millions of years? So the whole process of absorbing and releasing energy is so instantaneous wouldn't that mean that the little time it spends between the two orbitals is not long at all if it spends 99 percent of its time in the quantum orbitals, and barely anytime in between, meaning within that time that we call instaneous time, it spends less than 1% of that time in between the orbitals.

Life to me is any matter that is ability to absorb, store, and manipulate energy as well as ability to reproduce offspring.

Just reading you guys' comments in interest. I've wandered this myself, "What is space"?

Well I don't know if we could re-invent these traits. Over the years people have not relied on these traits for survival, so the individuals who weren't as strong when it came to those traits were able to survive either way and produce offspring, and over the many centuries, these natural animalist traits have become weaker and weaker in the general human population because we have not needed them to survive. If we were to have needed them to survive, than people with stronger animalistic traits would have been the only ones surviving long enough to reproduce, each generation would have these strong animalist traits, and it would possibly grow stronger and stronger generation after generation.

I think humans in general, are evolving out of many of there animal instincts, due to the fact that we don't need them anymore for survival. So, maybe it works better on other animals and not homosapiens for that reason.

Well you wouldn't necessarily need to remove the plant from its stem. You wouldn't either need to re-cultivate the land as in replant every year if that's what your referring to. There is trillions of tons of organic matter that is just thrown away as waste every year, like olive pits for example, maiz leaves, potatoes skin, ect. A lot more than I can imagine right now. If we could find a way to globally, and efficiently be able to harness the energy within these organic matter, we could possible have a very reliable source of energy. It would also push, the world as a whole to go green, planting more trees and plants just for the sake of fuel. We wouldn't necessarily need to touch or impact the food industry.

I don't know.. that is much more complicated, I'm sure some physiatrists and neuroscientist have experimented with this. Though... What I have yet again observed, referring back to my dog again. I used to play him classical tunes when he was a puppy so that he would sleep soundly and not cry as much. He would go into very deep sleep. Though when I always would go to shut off the music, he would wake up as if something drastic had occurred.

Yeah.. though I like to think and give out my thought on things specially when I don't understand them as well as others, because it helps when I'm corrected I can see where I was wrong about my thought process.

Lol I think you helped me understand Quantum Mechanics better than any other professor or text book, ever could, with just that statement.. Lol.

Well put. So, even though we don't observe it in between orbitals we still assume that it crosses over, but since it doesn't spend enough time their we can never really tell how it crossed over. Though because the electron is spending most of its time in the "quantized" orbitals, is the reason we can assume its there with better assurance than that it was ever in-between the orbitals.

This is very interesting. Maybe its a survival thing that we have carried over from earlier in the history of homosapiens. I've observed that dogs will react to the smallest noises that humans generally don't react to when they are sleeping. My dog will jump up at nearly any noise, even in his deepest sleeps. In humans though we are not as cautious, we generally don't react as sharply, maybe because we are evolving out of it.

Maybe, I believe God is the source of all energy. Though as a human being and with the knowledge we have, it is very hard to understand the spiritual world as of yet, I believe one day we will though.