budullewraagh

yeah, i was. i didn't know how concentrated the HCl i had was. that was a problem:\ yeah, i got the ClO2 gas from the reaction since my HCl was so concentrated (completely saturated).

oh, i thought it was sodium chlorate, not hypochlorate. i did this awhile back:\

good thing is that sulfur compounds arent found in draino or drains (generally). that could be a problem, however, for those whose water supply contains higher concentrations of sulfur and sulfur compounds.

apparently the kind i have does

K- doesn't actually make compounds in the axon. it just goes between 0 and -1 charge, like the Na in the "pump" goes between 0 and +1 charge. the K and Na just exchange e-, but never actually bond. they exchange ions in what i'd like to call a "fully ionic 'bond'" (not at all polar covalent). as for the K- outside the axon, it's highly unlikely to even exist, let alone bond.

oh, but wait, there's more! actually, H+ is hydronium. but back to the point, yes, there are other group 1 cations. here's the good ol' biochem connection: in the axon of neurons, there is a sort of Na K "pump". as different nerve impulses occur, Na+ ions and K- ions move across a barrier (forgot the name, it's been a year since i took a molecular bio class). i've never heard of another group 1 anion aside from K- and H-

Background: Werner Heisenberg conducted an experiment where he captured a photon between two mirrors. He calculated the time it took for the photon to travel from one mirror to the other. He then moved the mirrors along the x and z axes so that the photon traveled a greater distance between the mirrors, and found that the photon took the same amount of time to travel between the mirrors. Question: Does this mean that the speed of light was increased?

^ only when mixed with a substance that ionizes to yield H+. i'm not sure what it's stored in, but i could imagine it would be some pretty strong glass.

i'll assume you're speaking of chemical bonds involving hydrogen as opposed to van der waal's forces. correct me if i'm wrong. the statement that all ionic bonds are partially polar covalent covers all ionic bonds. hydrogen cannot make an "ionic" bond since its electronegativity is so high for a "cation".

if you ever see GAIN, kill it. by kill, i mean torture; take the source code for everything in it and tear it to shreds, then save it to a 3.5" floppy disk and put it on your network as a warning to all spyware. always remember this: GAIN->loss

i think he just made a mistake in writing the formula. HCI wouldn't be a stable compound... i'm not even sure it would dissociate.

yeah, what's really disturbing is that a 50% solution of HF:SbF5 is 10^18x as acidic as conc H2SO4. if you drop a candle into it, the candle will cease to exist quite quickly. if you stick a hand in it, your hand will cease to exist quite quickly. the most acidic substance i've ever worked with is a saturated solution of HCl, and that dissolved a small piece of styrofoam within seconds. imagine conc HF:SbF5

"hydrogen" bonding isn't a good name. "hydrogen" bonding is when an atom's nucleus (generally hydrogen's in organic molecules) is attracted to another atom's electrons. there is no actual bond, since electrons are not used in a hybrid orbital. still, the hydrogen "bond" has an effect on the stability of a molecule, since the bond between the H and something else is effected by the attraction of the H to other atoms.

a good way is to add a superacid like HF:SbF5 or HSO3-SbF5. it's hilarious; they can completely protonate alcohols and long chains of hydrocarbons.

sorry to disagree, aom, but i believe that the bond is considered ionic. ionic and polar covalent are subject to opinion, but the accepted difference between ionic and polar covalent is that an ionic bond is formed when the difference in electronegativity is 1.7 or greater, and if the difference is less than 1.7, then the bond is polar covalent. electronegativity of H=2.2 electronegativity of F=4 4-2.2=1.8 1.8>1.7 therefore, the bond between H and F in the molecule HF is ionic. i would like to add, however, that all ionic bonds are partially polar covalent, since it still IS a bond, and the H hasn't totally given up its electron. the H still has influence on the position of its "former" electron, since it is caught between the H and F nuclei in an SP hybrid orbital.

hmm... after much thinking, i've come to the conclusion that i don't think the explosion would occur. if it did occur, very little product would be yielded. a simple principle of thermodynamics is that increased pressure will cause the reaction to favor the side with the least moles of gas, which would be the reactant.

bones are made of various compounds. one of these compounds is calcium phosphate: Ca3(PO4)2 phosphates tend to store great amounts of energy in their bonds (we use adenosine triphosphate for our own energy in cellular respiration). so, i do understand the theory stated above that concerned bones. it's possible, although i myself believe that spontaneous combustion involves organic compounds, specifically smaller alkanes.

eh, i think you mean "If it is hydrochoric acid dissolved water, then it is HCl(aq)."

thanks, you may have just saved my life.

oh joy, nothing like good ol' HCl gas. the disturbing thing is that the decomposition of mustard gas in the body ultimately yields HCl, which performs many attacks. funny story: 30 mins ago, i decided to test the pH of this 25 year old "muriatic acid". when i opened the container, it released a gas (HCl). i assume that this is because the solution had become saturated and some of the HCl had to be released since H2O was lost. needless to say, the pH was quite a bit < 1. it took quite a bit of NaHCO3 (the only base i had around that wouldn't react to form ClO2) to neutralize the acid. so yeah, i have a totally saturated solution of HCl and HCl(g) is continuously taken out of solution. joy.

H2F? I've heard of HF, but H2F would require a coordinate covalent bond... But then the second H would have to provide both electrons, which it generally doesn't have. It's quite uncommon to see an H- ion. But yeah, it would be 1 coordinate covalent bond and one ionic bond. still, the ionic is also polar covalent to some extent.

yeah, perhaps it's the synthesis of CaCl2. what form of Ca are you adding?

good call, yt. but back to the question: was the smell caused by the HCl?

no, it's not ionic; it's slightly polar covalent. in the H2O molecule, the H atoms don't "lose" the electrons, but the e- stray away from the H and towards the O, making it seem like there are O-2 and H+ ions.

yeah, that's the most sensible reaction. my real question is the following: why was there an odd smelling gas? was that just the HCl? (it's 25 year old muriatic acid used for cleaning marble. i quickly opened the container and added a small amount).