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I think you need to look up the definition of slavery.

I find it amusing that people who readily give their opinion as fact, without evidence, then demand evidence from those who disagree with them. Actually, no; I find it extremely annoying.

Dear All, I am going to take a hiatus from the forum from today. As some of you might know, the natural sciences are not my only area of interest; in particular, I am committed to a form of spiritual practice as well, and have been living in a Buddhist monastery as a lay person for the past few years. I have made the decision to deepen this practice further by ordaining as a monk in the Theravadin Thai Forest tradition, and for various logistical and monastic-political reasons this should ideally happen at a traditional training monastery in Thailand. So tomorrow I will be departing for Thailand to seek ordination there. I think it doesn’t need pointing out that forest monks generally don’t spend a lot of time on Internet forums, so chances are that I will only get to check in here very occasionally, if at all. That being said, there are a lot of question marks and uncertainties, particular in terms of immigration formalities, so it is possible that I need to come back here to Europe in a few weeks once my initial entry permit runs out, and make alternative arrangements from here (meaning I’ll have to find another place to ordain). I will only know once I get to the monastery and start dealing with the local immigration authorities (I see frustration and nightmares on the horizon!), but I’m willing to take that risk. I have been debating whether it is useful to present my reasons for going this path - you have seen me here being on about physics and equations all the time, so this might appear strange to some of you. But I’ve decided not to, because when it comes down to it, I can’t really present a convincing rational argument - this decision simply didn’t come about as the result of reason. I will say only that I’ve seen and understood enough in the spiritual practice that I have already done in the last few years, to know that this is the right path for me. The argument is a phenomenological one, not the result of rationality, so it cannot be easily conveyed in a written post. Spirituality ultimately expresses itself in the kind of person you become by engaging in it, and that’s not something you can fake or wear as a mask. You also cannot reason yourself into the monastic life - that is far too weak a basis for anyone to be at peace with that form of life, never even mind to be able to derive any benefit from it. It needs to be a true conviction that arises somewhere deep within, and that cannot be verbally communicated to others. I will add here that for me there has never been any contradiction between scientific endeavours, spiritual practice, and philosophical enquiry. Not only is there no contradiction, for me these are just aspects of the same underlying motivation to better understand the human condition; hence, if engaged with in the right way, they are complementary and inform each other. I have always felt strongly that it is necessary to achieve some kind of synthesis of these three things for us as a species to make any kind of real long-term progress, since each one in isolation can be misused for harmful and even destructive purposes, as history has sadly shown us all too often. So anyway, thank you everyone for sharing in these discussions, and I hope I have been able to make some kind of contribution - no matter how small - to this forum. In case I’m not back here for a while, I wish all of you the very best, and hopefully we’ll cross paths again. Keep my account open, just in case

Quantity of objects is exact integer number (unless multiverse or parallel universes are introduced). At quantum level everything changes and do it very fast in human terms. One measurement you have neutron, in another you may have decay of unstable isotope in which neutron was part of nucleus, and your previous measurement no longer represents current state..

Markus especially for you https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-somerset-56427251

Happy St Patrick's Day!!!

Hello again Alex, I thought you had abandoned this thread. I didn't suggest Aline was looking for the same thing as yourself, just that there were some ideas and information there that would be relevent and useful to your question. So back to your question. I am sorry to tell you that not only does it not exist but it is impossible for it to exist. Just a little bit of history, then some references to what can be obtained (and appreciated) by someone with your stated mathematical background. As the 19th century turned into the 20th four of the top mathematicians in the world tried to do exaxactly what you are asking. All four failed for different reasons. The first two worked together to try to produce a book which took its inspiration from Newton's famous Principia for Physics and was to be the equivalent for Mathematics, So they called it Principia Mathematica. Their book was produced and was indeed a massive effort and success, it was not comprehensive. But by this time the scope and depth of Mathematics had grown so much that it was well beyond two people to comprehend it all, let alone one. And Mathematics was, and still is, growing at an ever accelerating pace. The two were Russell and Whitehead. Meanwhile Klein had introduced the Erlangen Program which married geometry and algebra in an axiomatic way updating Euclid. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erlangen_program And Hilbert attempted to build on this to provide an axiomatic basis for all of Mathematics. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert's_program Then along came Godel in 1931 who published (over a period of time) his completeness and incompleteness theorems. He had proved that questions could be posed for all system of axioms as complicated or more complicated than simple arithmetic, questions that could not be answered within the system. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gödel's_incompleteness_theorems With reagrd to you desired book list I would recommend the following What is Mathematics, and elementary approach to ideas and methods By Courant and Robbins Principles of Mathematics By Allendoerfer and Oakley Unknown Quantity By John Derbyshire Discovering Modern Algebra By Gardner A survey of Modern Algebra By Birkhoff and MacLane From Geometry to Topology By Graham Flegg Introduction to Topology and Modern Analysis By Simmons Beginning Logic Lemmon Elementary Geometry By Roe Note this selection is far from comprehnsive, huge areas of maths are omitted entirely eg statistics and numerical methods theory. But they will take you from the classical high school notation to modern notation, without which knowledge you would be struggling. They would also lay a foundation for further studies at higher level.

Motion is relative and any inertial observer can say they are at rest. Nothing is required to maintain motion. As to what changes motion, it’s acceleration, and acceleration requires a force. A geodesic isn’t a direction, per se. Symmetry tells us there is no preferred direction. But the answer is the principle of least action. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geodesics_as_Hamiltonian_flows#Geodesics_as_an_application_of_the_principle_of_least_action

Parenting is hard. The secret is, if you love your children and they know it then 90% of your job is done, IMO.

What 'time' are you referring to ? Proper time is necessarily linear, as the clock moves along your wordline. "In relativity, proper time along a timelike world line is defined as the time as measured by a clock following that line. It is thus independent of coordinates, and is a Lorentz scalar.[1] The proper time interval between two events on a world line is the change in proper time." Co-ordinate time is not necessarily linear. "Coordinate time is the time between two events as measured by an observer using that observer's own method of assigning a time to an event. In the special case of an inertial observer in special relativity, the time is measured using the observer's clock and the observer's definition of simultaneity." Quotes from Proper time - Wikipedia

I don't personally view this question in terms of ethics or morality. I think under normal circumstances life always seeks to perpetuate life. IMO suicide is abnormal. It exists when there is an other than typical circumstance like an illness or disorder. I see it as beyond individual control (choice) which is why I do not apply morality and ethics to it.

At my current age of 76 years, I'm still enjoying life and have no real health problems. In actual fact I plan on living forever: So far, I'm doing OK. 😉

The U.S. is an oligarchical republic, not an officially democratic nation. Oligarchical lobbying and bribing have all affected the American government entirely in every state. An increasing amount of people have voted for a better public education system, better public healthcare, better internet providers that have faster internet speeds for modern video gaming, better infrastructure, improved economies in American small towns, and other things to no avail because the rich and powerful people who truly own America are part of a smaller population that control it through oligarchical lobbying and bribing. Elitist big corporations are killing small businesses in America. It's been proven that the American small towns are becoming poorer, less educated, and less economically diverse because of oligarchically bureaucratic strangeholds and elitist big corporations that replace human workers with robots. Retirement benefits, employee benefits, and quality education have all decreased drastically in America after World War 2. Which is why the average Europeans have higher I.Q.s, much more employee benefits, and much more retirement benefits than average Americans do. Because America is the opposite of progressive. Divided States of America was founded by religious terrorists, military terrorists, delusional white supremacists, an elitist mob, sexist pigs, and greedy degeneracy. Nothing has changed. "United" States of America continues to have systemic racism, systemic classism, systemic sexism, systemic ableism, toxic elitism, health disorders, and mental disorders as a result. Democracy and progressivism are jokes in America. Rich and powerful people from corporate America are in bed with the Chinese communists in the market because China controls the Apple company and other companies that import products into America. China is known for brainwashing concentration camps known as re-education camps. China is also known for the brainwashing social credit system. The Chinese government is known for being anti-online privacy. The Chinese people are behaving like The Borg from Star Trek to some extent as a result. The Chinese politicians have banned South Park, too. The rich and powerful people who control the American government continue to be in bed with the Chinese communists despite all of that. That's not democracy. That's an oligarchically totalitarian group of people from America working with another oligarchically totalitarian group of people from China. America and China are controlled by right-leaning terrorists who legalise gag orders, online surveillance, systemic sexism, systemic racism, systemic ableism, systemic classism, concentration camps disguised as public schools for children, etc. Joe Biden is a white, Christian, discreetly heteronormative, discreetly sexist, and discreetly right-leaning terrorist disguised as a democrat. There's not much difference between U.S. presidents because they are mostly white, Christian, heteronormative, sexist, and right-leaning terrorists who have ties to the American military and are from wealthy families. America is least likely to have a female president who is black, atheistic, bisexual, egalitarian, and left-leaning. America is no longer the greatest country in the world. It's actually falling apart. Water pollution, air pollution, decaying small towns, big corporations killing small businesses, increasing wealth gap, decreasing employee benefits, decreasing retirement benefits, misogynistic religions making a lot of money in America, the abusive for-profit prison industry that's causing prisoners to behave worse than they did before they were thrown in the for-profit prison system, the increasing amount of opiate addiction, the increasing obesity, feminazis, snowflakes, tranazis, political correctness, woketivists, emasculated men from transengderism and #MeToo, feminazis that are abusing men in America with sexist double standards, children being neglected by cut-throat career-driven parents, the increasing amount of antisocial sweatshops in America, California's oppressive laws, New York's laws that are decreasing freedoms and decaying its infrastructure, and other things have damaged America. Some former residents have permanently escaped from America because of that. These videos describe the result of what happens when rich and powerful people create an oligarchical society based on systemic classism, systemic sexism, systemic racism, greedy degeneracy, etc.

Yes, but that is because I have a supply of knowledge to understand them.

I would like to extend my posts so that my idea is more understandable: The internal force of human on its mass is the force a human exerts on his own body, body force on body mass. The external force is the force of human exerted on any other mass but not the body. internal force of human to lift its own body is very smaller than the external force of human to lift another object both the human mass and the object mass are equal. The observations of this phenomenon are: Human body effortless walking, running jumping, standing, dancing and other movements by human force on its own mass. Force can be exerted on a human body with two different ways one by the human force on his own body "internal force" and the other way by using an external force If I push myself by a force of my own then the body is lighter, it will gain a greater acceleration "internal force" however if someone pushes me with the same force "external force" my body will be heavier and it will gain less acceleration. So same force, different acceleration will give different masses: F=ma, m=F/a The different masses are the actual mass of the body and the other mass is the alternative mass The alternative mass is substituted for physical equations when the force acting is of the human on the human"internal force" F: my body force on my body m: my alternative mass a: the acceleration I gain In my experiment the maximum force of my calves muscles is approximately 8 kg or 80 N this force can lift my 57 kg mass as in the video. This proves that I can lift my body 57 kg with only 8 kg or 80 N force which satisfy my observations of how l can lift or move my body with force very smaller than my weight " in my experiment the small force is the maximum force of calves muscles 8 kg and the mass I lift is my body 57. To lift a mass with some force the force must be slightly greater than the mass weight. Then if I lift my body with 8 kg then I am actually lifting 8 kg " alternative mass" because the alternative mass is all about lifting or moving my body then I lift 8 kg with 8 kg. My body weight force downwards on the spring has no relation to body lifting or moving itself it is direct external force in the spring "gravity force" Because this all about body lifting itself then I will push the ground with only 8 kg as in my experiment the ground will push me with the force 80 N the two forces give slight pressure on my soles the slight pressure is because both are small . Then I have my body"57 kg " which presses the spring and my alternative mass which press the ground floor" pressing the floor is force of action and reaction on human body internal force " then the floor will be pushed by alternative mass " "8 kg" if the mass is in vacuum the only force the mass falls with its weight "57 kg" when the mass presses the ground it pushes the ground with smaller force 8 kg.