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  1. There are a number of genetic causes of intersex individuals, some of which render the physical attributes of the individual to be discordant with their underlying genetics (e.g. AIS resulting in XY individuals with undescended testes and a vagina, or CAH resulting in XX individuals with masculine traits). I imagine that these conditions - typically with frequencies of one in thens of thousands might contribute to discrepancies in the designation of biological sex at birth.
    3 points
  2. It would seem to be that however small the risk might be it is not insignificant since the BBC recently highlighted cases of misdiagnosis and I find on looking for them that there is an american standard on the subject. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25944182/
    2 points
  3. That’s exactly the arrangement we used. The larger picture is you need space on your vacuum chamber for windows, and need ports to look in and to get atoms into (and possibly out of) the chamber. More windows means a larger chamber, which might be a luxury (you might have space constraints, and it costs more money)
    1 point
  4. Thank you for that knowledgable amplification.
    1 point
  5. I see that you have satisfied your original request and also received some excellent advice. So I will just add a couple of extras. Firstly as you see you can always come back here and receive good quality help at any level. So if you have any specific questions, don't hesisitate to ask. Another friendly and helpful site is https://mathforums.com/ Although like all maths sites they suffer more than SF from spam. As too your subject matter: You have asked about signed numbers - a subject that many have trouble with. To fully get the most out of this you need 1) To properly understand the use of brackets (parenthesis) 2) The standard order of arithmetical operations 'BODMAS' or 'PEDMAS' Then you will be flying. This sounds fearsome but if you can correctly interpret these X = 2 + (-3) & Y = 2 - (-3) you will be well on your way. Comeback if you want more
    1 point
  6. He's taller than me too. I wish me biggest problem was that I was only 6 ft tall!
    1 point
  7. Condolences @MigL Hi Time Traveller, hope you are well. I think several people have already mentioned what time is assumed to be for most models in Science. Time is another co-ordinate we need (in addition to the usual spatial co-ordinates) to specify where events happen in spacetime. Any other property or nature of time is usualy less important than you would think, or else the model you are working with will tend to specify what time needs to be and what properties it is assumed to have. You (we) only need to have a passing knowledge of relativity to realise that a scientist's ideas of time have undergone a lot of changes in the years from Newton to Einstein. None-the-less, time does seem important, very special and uniquely different to spatial co-ordinates for human beings. There are scientists investigating the nature of time directly and many more in diverse fields that uncover a bit more information that seems to connect with our understanding of time. There are some models that utilise geometry only, without any explicit time parameter and then an emergent property is exhibited which seems to behave like time. These mesh fairly well with the ideas you mentioned in the OP. In particular, in those geometric models you don't really need a thing called time because there are many other parameters you can use to form derivatives or calculate rates of change with respect to instead. I have a suspicion this thread will echo many other discussions about time. To make a slight change, I've got an interest in what we (human beings) use as an internal clock. I wondered if we can get a Biologist to make a comment or post a link to explain the current best theory for how we are aware of time? I assume it's some chemical reaction occuring in some group of cells and that it may proceed at a different rate according to factors like temperature. Does time seem to pass at a different rate when you are hypothermic? @CharonY Do you know a biologist who might post a link for this? (or shall I take my chances with a search engine).
    1 point
  8. My condolences also on the passing of your mate. In recent times, I had to get my 13.5 year old Rottweiler put down...great age, but still a hard distressing decision to make. Back on track, I pinched these wise words [or words to that effect] from yourself in another "Time [again] " thread....Whether time is real or not, it is more a philosophical question and physicists are not that concerned, other then the need to use the concept in our models etc. I certainly accept it is real though for the reasons given.
    1 point
  9. My condolences also for the passing of your friend. I can't help but notice that positioning an event (such as a tearful goodbye appointment at a vet's office) in spacetime seems independent of change. Your latitude, longitude, altitude, and the time it took place aren't subject to change, are they? Yet it makes perfect sense to use time in this way.
    1 point
  10. My condolences, @MigL. I know how hard it is to say goodbye to a friend.
    1 point
  11. Major General Richard William Howard Vyse (25 July 1784 – 8 June 1853) a British soldier and Egyptologist, was a very ambitious and very privileged individual, and his Gunpowder Archaeology was questionable, as was any verification of the claim by Vyse. More likely any opposition was summarily dismissed. It is uncertain that Khufu, from the fourth dynasty 2700 BC, built the Great Pyramid as has become more of a tradition than a fact. The cartouche that purports to be Khufu's is similar at best. It has also been discovered from Vyse's notes that this cartouche was transcribed, with accidental changes in the notes, in transit from the Valley of Kings to Gizeh. Entry was forced into the relieving chambers and Vyse likely had the cartouche placed there from this incriminating source. The notoriety had him elected Mayor, and individuals on his archaeological quests were stood down over controversies. In his days of plundering Egyptian artefacts for the British Museum, integrity was obviously not high on the agenda. "Atlantis Rising" magazine carried this story of the intrusive forgery, and the book "Pyramid Odyssey" by William Fix has extensive research proving that a dating based on an Egyptian King list used by Egyptologists has not been modified after longer lists have been found, revealing many deposed Pharaohs who were deleted from lists and monuments through disfavour. Last but not least, Fourth Dynasty technology did not build the Great Pyramid with "bronze age" tools during this Fourth Age of man, 11,500 BC to now. The Bible records a similar fate as did Plato for the third age world conquering "Atlantis" (a book by Charles Berlitz) before the flood and ice age. Six million tons of limestone with white marble casing stones, upper passages (absent from more recent copied inferior structures), air vents, and a legendary gold capstone, aligned with the four cardinal points, and having an ascending passage aligned with the Earth's axis of rotation, with every stone cut to diamond precision and mortared with a 1/50 inch spacing, with an average 3 ton block, cut, transported, and placed every 90 seconds was NOT built by 100,000 slaves in 20 years, nor any other means yet explained. No doubt, it will continue to draw claims from other notoriety hunters with little concern for the truth. Its mathematics and geometry relates the transcendental number Pi to the algebraic number the Golden Mean phi = (1 + sqrt(5))/2, answering the Delphinian Oracle's riddle of squaring the circle. The oracle alludes to the Great Pyramid thusly, as does the Pentagram of the White Brotherhood symbolise the proportions phi and pi. The largest right angled triangle through any three vertices of the Black Granite Sarcophagus is the 3,4,5 Pythagorean Triad. The design architect was Hermes, known to the Jews as Melchizedek (Melchisidec NT Hebrews). As for the symbolism of the Sarcophagus: "Q-8. What is the significance of the empty sarcophagus? "A-8. That there will be no more death. Don't misunderstand or misinterpret! but the interpretation of death will be made plain ... 5748-6 "When the lines about the earth are considered from the mathematical precisions, it will be found that the center is nigh unto where the Great pyramid, which was begun then, is still located." 281-42 "At the correct time accurate imaginary lines can be drawn from the opening of the Great Pyramid to the second star in the Great Dipper, called Polaris or the North Star. This indicates it is the system toward which the soul takes its flight after having completed its sojourn through this solar system." 5748-6
    -1 points
  12. What's the closest number to zero that you can think of? It's that
    -1 points
  13. But you specified biological sex, so essentially zero is the right answer.
    -1 points
  14. Now you disagree, not with me, but with Newton and Einstein to the nth degree. They did not read only the prescribed textbooks of Mammon's handmaidens. Would you really hurl this sh*t in their faces? I trow not. Go to the masters, not the maggots. You have a soul (psyche) and Psychology was the first Science to begin the systematic rape of Science, moulding everything particular instead of energetic. The Beast that was dead rises and all who “buy and sell” must worship. This precipitated WWI in short order. This is recent history, but Genesis 1-5 takes you back in symbols to what you call The Big Bang, and is taken literal to divide Science and Religion. The Universe came from the Light, or more specifically, the Electric Field as Edgar Cayce explained (above) before Einstein had a dozen comprehending the significance and implications of c. We still don't see the significance of the K.E. term independent of v as P.E. above the singularity pointed to by the gravitational field, or the zero points where new ellipticals will reform, while NASA frames every explanation WRT BBT, and Wiki dances to the same tune. For a recent "miracle" (the altering of normal occultations required for continuity and consistency), Mark Twain wrote a book over a OUIJA Board, called "Jap Herron". Vested interest shut this trend of post-humus authorship down using Lawyers and a Media Circus. Here is the book (also available as PDF): https://publicdomainreview.org/collection/jap-herron-a-novel-written-from-the-ouija-board-1917 and the Media Articles: https://splinternews.com/how-mark-twains-ghost-almost-set-off-the-copyright-batt-1793855099 The execution proceeded with: The New York Times, February 3, 1916 and ended with: The New York Times, July 28, 1918 The novel took two years to produce by the Psychic Research Society and less time to legally crucify, and all remaining copies ordered to be destroyed, unless they would admit fakery, few surviving already sold with PDF now downloadable. “The Coming of Jap Herron” prologue ends with a premonition, I know not of Global Thermonuclear Conflict or, based on Maxlow’s research, our possibly becoming a second asteroid belt, but either way, fulfilling these prophecies far flung in time: Deuteronomy 32:22, Zephaniah 3:1-8, 2 Peter 3:1-10, Revelation 11:18. The door to the other side slammed shut. Secular Power and the Christian Orthodoxy would not have been displeased for their own reasons. I have seen a textbook disappear from a tertiary library full of underlined passages when, obviously for the first time, I produced a critical summary of the entire book rather than cursory quotes and some vaguely related BS for an assignment on Sociology. It went above and beyond, and was marked down short of a fail, publicity too expensive to risk. One anecdote among many of poking the bear. "The majority of the stupid is invincible and guaranteed for all time. The terror of their tyranny is alleviated by their lack of consistency." Guess who. He also poked the bear but interests were altered by the Germans and Japanese, returning global conflict within a generation as predicted by the editor or "The Fourteen Point Plan", authored secretly by...Edgar Cayce upon request by the once President of Princeton where Einstein and Oppenheimer worked from 1939 to 1945 on...PROOF too loud to ignore. The risk of Hitler achieving, indicated by German activity in the Uranium source in Czechoslovakia: https://www.osti.gov/opennet/manhattan-project-history/Events/1939-1942/einstein_letter.htm could not be ignored. Pair production for Protons, alluded to in the second Edgar Cayce article above, was not achieved in Einstein's effective lifetime, and his "Steady State Theory" remained out of reach with only a Positron for evidence, accompanied by some nonsense theory still extant. Fate? Psalm 82 KJV.
    -2 points
  15. There is absolutely no record of the building of the Great Pyramid and its Sphinx, only a stone recording repairs to the latter ordered of a Pharaoh by God. "The Egyptian Heritage" based on The Edgar Cayce Readings by Egyptologist Mark Lehner compiles the saga of its construction. From the preface: "There are 1,159 Edgar Cayce readings which contain references and information on the Ra Ta period in Egypt. The story presented here has been culled from approximately 300 of these readings. This number includes all those readings which deal extensively with the subject." Mark points to the correlation of the saga with Egyptian history and mythology. Having studied the many books by E.A. Wallace-Budge on Egyptology, I have to say that times were so different 12500 years ago, that without this prerequisite study, I would not have believed the account. But from amongst the readings quoted by Mark we have these: "... remember, there is nothing in the present that hasn't existed from the first. Only the form or the manner of its use being changed, and many an element then used that the art of its use has been lost, as we will see the reason why, and many being re-discovered by those called scientists in the present when in that day it was the common knowledge of the most illiterate, as would be termed in the present." 294-148 This may not seem plausible according to current thinking, with special thanks to Aristotle for denying Plato's history of Atlantis. We are robbed of the credence of ancient wisdom. Explained however is the Great Pyramid and much other massive stone work across the globe. I was motivated to study Ancient Egypt because it became plain to me that Politics and Exploitation has lead us to a brainwashed state, and knowing belief systems from long ago may produce clues of our thinking and beliefs before this darkening. Concerning the Great Pyramid: "This, then, receives all the records from the beginnings of that given by the Priest, Arart, Araaraart and Ra, to that period when there is to be the change in the earth's position and the return of the Great Initiate to that and other lands for the folding up of those prophecies that are depicted there. All changes that came in the religious thought in the world are shown there, in the variations in which the passage through same is reached, from the base to the top - or to the open tomb and the top. These are signified by both the layer and the color in what direction the turn is made." 5748-5 "Q-14. How was this particular Great Pyramid of Gizeh built? "A-14. By the use of those forces in nature as make for iron to swim. Stone floats in the air in the same manner. This will be discovered in '58." 5748-6 "Q-3. By what power or powers were these early pyramids and temples constructed? "A-3. By the lifting forces of those gases that are being used gradually in the present civilization, and by the fine work or activities of those versed in that pertaining to the source from which all power comes." 5750-1 "Q-5. What was the date of the actual beginning and ending of the construction of the Great Pyramid? "A-5. Was one hundred years in construction. Begun and completed in the period of Araaraart's time, with Hermes and Ra. "Q-6. What was the date B.C of that period? "A-6. 10,490 to 10,390 before the Prince entered into Egypt." 5748-6
    -3 points
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