Amateur Science Latest Topics

Density-Driven Spacetime Expansion

Mon, 20 Jan 2025 14:31:33 +0000

Collaborator Needed for Density-Driven Spacetime Expansion (DDSE) Model

Body:

Hello, fellow enthusiasts and professionals,

I’m currently developing a thesis on a novel concept I call the Density-Driven Spacetime Expansion (DDSE) Model. This model links density, time dilation, and localized expansion to explain phenomena such as dark energy and spacetime curvature. While I've made significant progress in areas like the mathematical framework, simulations, and conceptual diagrams, I’m looking for a collaborator to refine the model further.

Ideally, I’m seeking someone with expertise in:

Advanced mathematics (tensor calculus, differential equations)

Physics (cosmology, general relativity, or quantum mechanics)

Simulation and data validation tools

Your input could help expand the scope and accuracy of the model, bringing us closer to a clearer understanding of the universe. If this aligns with your interests, I’d love to discuss ideas and share insights.

Feel free to reach out here or via private message. Let’s push the boundaries of physics together!

Best regards,

Bradley Sheats

Strengthening cellophane - types 165 and 180 - while keeping clear and flexible

Mon, 09 Dec 2024 21:40:13 +0000

Hi, we are trying to strengthen the clear paper made of cellophane - types 165 (uncoated and thinner) and 180 (coated to increase impermeability and thicker). We want to keep it flexible and foldable, while preventing ripping. We also want it transparent.

These are our initial findings in the PDF but we would like additional comments and feedback to help guide us.

Google Drive Link to the PDF file:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-fx3GxV3B1IRi22c1_SWddWoKFlzg9mg/view?usp=sharing

We are not experts, so we need your help.

Thank you!

P. S. Is there any other archival material(s) (we recently found out that cellophane is not archival) that is pliable/foldable, resistant to tearing, and transparent?

Was there such technology in 1990?

Fri, 06 Jan 2023 21:54:09 +0000

I have just watched an old film produced in 1990. In the film, an undercover agent was given a small portable pocket button by the headquarter, it was claimed that whenever she pressed the button the headquarter would get the signal and found out where she was and would rescue her.

However, it was about an ordinary crime. Assume that it wasn't about military, was there such technology in early 1990 in reality? Generally speaking, how was the signal sent? By satellite? How far could it reach at that time? How precise was the location could it detect? I am not looking for very precise data, I am just asking out of curiosity.

Are all kinds of vinegar more or less the same?

Wed, 05 Jun 2024 19:48:50 +0000

I watched a video on Youtube suggesting that a mixture of vinegar, tablespoon sugar and dish-washing detergent will trap and kill common flies. I don't normally use vinegar and I don't understand vinegar very well. I can see that there are many different names for vinegar in supermarket. Are they more or less the same? Will one attract flies while another doesn't?

By the way, I found another method which was to make a mixture of cheap beer and white sugar. I think it's easier to do with only cheap beer and white sugar, but will this method work as effective as the first method? (i.e. vinegar+sugar+detergent)

Having a hard time getting my exfoliated graphite tested any hobbyists do electrical resistance / thermal conductivity tests?

Tue, 10 Sep 2024 10:02:47 +0000

I'm just an amateur like you folks, my project of choice is to develop an economically viable strategy to exfoliate graphite flakes in large quantities.
The approach I've been working on as of late is mechanical in nature, avoids the use of strong oxidising agents but does not deliver a top shelf
end product mind rather just a very cheap and accessible one.

I've made some progress on it over the years and have recently asked around various labs to find out how much it would cost to determine the materials
thermal conductivity just at ambient temperature mind, not a comprehensive study. I've also asked about electrical resistance test because my multi meter
now lacks the resolution to report anything other than 0.00ohms.

Put plainly I can't afford the asking prices to get these two readings so I thought maybe there's a fellow hobbyist out there that may have access to equipment
that possibly is capable of getting one or both of those readings.

Admittedly, it's a long shot but I didn't see the harm in asking.

Cheers.

Does paper need to be sterilized or cleaned?

Wed, 06 Mar 2024 19:53:34 +0000

I have some used books that are, as said, used, not new, from unknown sources and used extensively by unknown people. Does it need to be sterilized or cleaned and how to if it does?

AI trainer (artificial intelligence trainer)

Mon, 06 May 2024 19:58:05 +0000

Among my functions, I am an independent health and well-being researcher, also a disseminator and artificial intelligence trainer.

I have been working with artificial intelligence for almost a year, and in this time I realize that it is a different technology from conventional technology. Maybe you'll find out about that after a short time of using it.

Software used to only update itself, it couldn't learn and update itself. As far as I know, someone had to update them. Artificial intelligences are also updated with programming methods, but they can also be updated by themselves through learning methods not very different from those we humans use (such as feedback).

The technology that I currently use the most is Claude, since it seems to me to be one of the best and it seems to me to be the most effective in research (at the moment). ChatGPT (famous) is also useful, but I would better give it a position in the literary field, poetry, stories and novels. Both technologies excel at these things, but each perhaps a little better than the other at each thing.

The thing is that artificial intelligence teaching methods, as I said, are not like conventional programming methods. That is, a person with little or no knowledge of programming codes could train an artificial intelligence (to some extent).

In my experience, training an artificial intelligence is a different thing. It's not conventional technology, but it's not human either. However, part of your learning process is as if you were a human. To train artificial intelligence it is as if you were a teacher.

Does training work without code programming? In my experience, I think so.

I have conducted experiments and observed that at least one AI that I was training on health and wellness research topics turned out to be more accurate (with very few errors) than others. This was a bot of Claude's. If you compared this bot with the same technology, but without the same training, the result varied.

The bot I mentioned even stood out from other AIs in terms of reasoning.

I think that, although I did not date it or create a file on the process, I was able to observe that artificial intelligences can be different from each other, despite having the same technology, depending on the training they receive.

But, as I said, this training is more like a teacher teaching a student.

My question is, have you trained an artificial intelligence?

I understand that this is a long process, but perhaps each person's experiences can contribute to the development of more effective methods to achieve results in less time.

So I open this topic so that we can share experiences about artificial intelligence training here.

Occam's Razor in regard to Bigfoot/Sasquatch

Thu, 01 Sep 2022 18:29:23 +0000

For any scientists who are skeptics of Bigfoot. It's not that we don't understand Occam's Razor. We just disagree on what is more likely. Bigfoot exists or every single report in the past 200+ years is either a hoax or misidentification. Take into consideration that reports of Bigfoot throwing things at people, dates back to at least 1849, but it wasn't a known behavior of apes until the 1960s

what are all possible ways of testing 999.9 or 24k gold?

Wed, 03 Apr 2024 07:45:18 +0000

Without professional devices, what are all possible ways of testing if gold jewellery is pure and real gold, i.e. 999.9 or 24k? It doesn't matter if it's not 100% accurate but is there any way to make a good estimation?

Battery electrolyte

Wed, 20 Mar 2024 14:39:09 +0000

I am looking to make 1M LiPF6 in DMC:EC=1:1 Vol% with 10%FEC as an electrolyte. I assume that i need to make it in a glovebox but further than that i don't now where to begin. Does anyone make these themselves already and can maybe explain more regarding measurements/materials?

Are these common phenomenon to black clothes?

Wed, 08 Nov 2023 06:39:44 +0000

I don't buy very expensive clothes but I also do not buy clothes of unknown brand or from unknown sources. My clothes are mostly bought in kinds of shops e.g. Uniqlo, Baleno, Adidas etc.

I find that it happens almost always, when I put black clothes in a bowl of clean water for a few hours (before I wash them), the water will turn black to a very obvious extent, even if the clothes are not new and have been washed for many times. Why does it happen? Is it normal to black clothes made of any raw material of any kind? Or is it a sign that I am getting very low quality clothes? Or is it due to other reasons?

Is it true that father side has a stronger "heredity"?

Thu, 24 Aug 2023 22:58:05 +0000

My mum has two sisters, all of their kids (so my cousin) look so much alike their father, and of course, their fathers are not blood related to my sister and me so our cousins don't look like us at all. On the other hand, my father also has two brothers, and his brother's daughter looks so much like my sister. I have this question in my mind for a long time, it's not subjective opinion, everyone said that and everyone will immediately find that.

What is the difference among 90%, 99%, and 100% chocolate?

Tue, 21 Feb 2023 17:02:33 +0000

I can see that a famous chocolate brand Lindt has released three different rates of chocolate and their prices have quite a big difference. The 100% one is the most expensive, while the 99% one is only a fraction of the price of the 100% one. I can guess that reaching 100% for anything may take more processes so the price is much higher but what is the reason of having pure 100% chocolate? Does it have better taste?

What is the difference in terms of the health benefits among the three types of chocolate?

Is such pure chocolate only good for health with little or no adverse effect? My common sense is normally any chocolate shouldn't be good for health.

Is the cost of producing beer higher than other non-alcoholic drink

Fri, 28 Jul 2023 20:08:48 +0000

Generally speaking, is the cost of producing beer (which include cost of ingredients and necessary manufacturing process, excluding marketing costs.) higher than most of other non-alcoholic drinks? In my country, price per ml for beer is usually a lot higher than most of other drinks e.g. coke or other sugary drinks.

is paper cardboard good at blocking heat from sunlight?

Tue, 27 Jun 2023 09:02:40 +0000

If something is stored inside sealed or closed paper cardboard and the cardboard is put under strong sunlight, is it usually good enough to keep the stored item cool?

is it good or bad to clean something made of kind of wood?

Sun, 05 Mar 2023 16:46:40 +0000

Some products made of wood are finished with a shiny wax coating that I think it's perfectly fine to wipe them clean by water or other cleansers. But we know that there are also some other products made of wood but they are seen to be without any coating. Is it good or bad to clean such wood products without coating? Could the chemicals slowly get inside the wood can age or wear it faster?

Can isopropyl alcohol alone keep away household pests?

Wed, 08 Feb 2023 23:44:24 +0000

Can isopropyl alcohol alone keep away household pests e.g. cockroach, rats, worms and other pests commonly found indoors? Do they fear alcohol? I don't like using pesticides but I like using 75% alcohol to clean things.

What happens if laser source is broken or damaged?

Tue, 23 Aug 2022 21:05:34 +0000

For example, rare though, the laser glass inside a DVD/VCD player which used to read the disc is broken, or the laser glass under the wireless mouse is broken due to heavy drop or accident. First, is it easy to happen? Second, are those chemicals used for laser sources hazardous? I know that laser beam cannot be created without exciting some atoms.

Why sometimes we could get shocked but not always?

Mon, 12 Dec 2022 19:11:14 +0000

I did a check on Google, it's said human body is an electric conductor so we should always handle electricity with care by common sense. I sometimes accidentally touch the metal of the USB charging port when I unplug my fully charged smartphone but I don't get electric shock. What is the reason behind? Is it theoretically there are some electrons that have gone through my body but they are not enough to cause a feeling of electric shock?

In other words, why sometimes human body could get electric shock? Even if we are electric conductors, but we don't normally stand on metal ground, how can we form a complete circuit for the current to flow through?

Could circuit board, electronic components tdust and dirt to some extent by design?

Sat, 03 Dec 2022 07:53:33 +0000

Someone in an outdoor open area dissembles and repairs an old Television, cars and traffic around, full of dust and dirt and polluted air. Are most circuit boards, electronic components of any kind, manufactured in any generation able to tolerate dust and dirt to some extent by design?

Is it just considered and designed to have some protection so that surrounding pollutants cannot make too much damage or is it not particularly designed but it has to be a lot of dust and dirt ( e.g. which are done by accidents or with intention ) before any damage can occur?

Apple polishing cloth, is it making a real difference?

Sat, 26 Nov 2022 04:59:06 +0000

From the scientific viewpoint, is it making a real difference? I think any cheap cloth would do the same job, if no debris is stuck when you wipe your delicate screen with your cloth, if there is any, then a cheap one or expensive one would scratch your baby too.

piezo ceramic project

Tue, 21 Jan 2020 20:33:34 +0000

I am working with piezo ceramics, 5.5 mm thick. I need to know the rate of a shock wave as it travels through the material. James Woodward, et al are developing a piezoelectric Mach thruster device they are claiming develops propellantless thrust as a physical analog to the Shawyer engine. The materials to do a few simple tests are cheaply available so I figure it could be an interesting side project. Thanks for any help if you know that detail about ceramic piezos or have an interest in mach thrusters in general.

What if cookware/dishware is scratched?

Sun, 06 Nov 2022 05:22:07 +0000

I mean, fine scratch that you can probably find under light sources and you don't even feel it with your fingers. Are those fine scratches enough to harbor germs and bacteria?

I'm not talking about large scratches or cracks that I'll simply toss them without question.

What is this bird?

Sun, 23 Oct 2022 22:42:25 +0000

I was waiting for someone in a park and saw this bird. Its neck is full of black and white dots. What is this bird?

Terraforming Venus in 600 years for $60 billion

Mon, 18 May 2015 12:15:00 +0000

I am a amateur but had some free time and was curious about immortality and population growth. I created a spread sheet with a guesstimate of population growth with immortality. Population Growth. I did some ballpark numbers and found that our entire planet would be transformed into a continuous cityscape in a thousand years. I then played around with subterranean cities, with a million people, a storefront floor, with floors that are discrete such as one for trash and sewage, another for electricity and communications lines, another for residents only, etc. It could even have like 15 floors of hydroponics that use LEDs and carbon dioxide enrichment. This would make us scale-able for longer without destroying all that is green upon the Earth. Based on some ball park numbers, it could be profitable now with a large capital investment. There is also floating and submarine cities. Anyways, moving onto the topic, terraforming Venus.

I have put together a spreadsheet, Terraforming Venus.

The plan calls for building a StarTram with a 300 ton payload capability, which could cost anywhere between 60-100 billion USD. Once the StarTram is built, which would take about 20 years, we would send remote control, automated construction equipment to the moon. We would send a Surveyor, Excavator, Hauler, Loader, Feeder, Crusher, Separator, Smelters, Mold Caster, Part Caster, Grinder and Assembler. Each machine would weigh about 300 tons and have a 1 megawatt Liquid Fluoride Thorium Reactor. For the first 18 years, the mobile, self-replicating moon factory will mine iron, aluminum, manganese, carbon, nickel and thorium. They would build more of themselves. Once they finished self-replicating, they would begin building a Venus Sunshade, a Venus Spacescraper and 250 million 20 gigaliter supertankers propelled by magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters, powered by 10 gigawatt liquid fluoride thorium reactors. It would take about a 100 years for the moon factory to produce that much steel and thorium. The Venus Sunshade would be deployed and the Venus Spacescraper would be landed. Then the 250 million supertankers would move water from Ceres to Venus and carbon dioxide from Venus to Mars. I believe this is the quickest method.

I would really appreciate feedback on this, I put some time into it and don't really know anyone with expertise or interest in this particular hobby.

Thank you,

Blake